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FLORA SCOTICA: OR, A | SYSTEMATIC ARRANGEMENT, LINN#HAN METHOD, ‘OF THE | NAY EV Ea SP eeAWN VS O F
SCOTLAND anv THe HEBRIDES,
By JOHN LIGHTFOOT, A. M. Rector of Gotham in Nottinghamfbire, and Chaplain to the Duchef? Dowager of PORTLAND.
Where does the Wifdom and the Power diviné,
In a more bright and {weet reflection fhine ?
Where do we finer ftrokes and colours fee
Of the Creator’s real poetry,
Than when we with attention look
Upon the third day’s volume of the book ?
If we could open and intend our eye,
We all like Mo/es fhould efpy,
Ev’n in a bufh the radiant Deity, CowLeY,
LONDON:
_ PRINTED FOR B. WHITE, AT HORACE’S HEAD, IN FLEET-STREET;
M.«DCC-LXXVII.
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, Be ak aah trae Rosny aes Rae aa gs Sa eRe et ado! wopastis spiny gue eels Dk Corie Ua a ah haga Smtr. aval ‘hui se Shek So ee i
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TO HER GRACE THE MOST’ NOBLE MARGARET CAVENDISHE DUCHESS DOWAGER OF er mt Ey AON Dy THAT GREAT AND INTELLIGENT ADMIRER AND PATRONESS 3 OF NATURAL HISTORY IN GENERAL, THE FOLLOWING FLORA, (AS AN HUMBLE EXPRESSION OF GRATITUDE
FOR THE MANY UNSOLICITED FAVORS HER GRACE HAS THOUGHT FIT TO CONFER | UPON HIM) 18 WITH ALL SUBMISSION INSCRIB’D,
BY HER GRACE’s MOST DUTIFUL CHAPLAIN, AND MOST RESPECTFUL AND OBEDIENT HUMBLE SERVANT,
JOHN LIGHTFOOT.
Woe. ia
rays aa a0 HOM AS in et aN
a; ‘ aM . ‘ 5
qa iomOainy Wrtate a
oh hi ae aM Oa a adie oF
HE following Work, fuch as it is, 7 owes its appearance to Thomas Pens
nant, E/quire.
This gentleman, in his fecond tour and voyage to the Hebrides, in the fummer of the year 1772, kindly invited me to par- take of his company, and did every thing in his power to promote and facilitate my journey ; a journey I was defirous to un-. dertake, not only as it promifed much va- tiety of amufement and inftruction, but as it flattered me in a particular manner with a fair opportunity of gratifying a fa- vorite affection I had long conceived for the
a 3 {clence
VI
PR EGFR 4 C E.
{cience of Botany, while it afforded the enchanting profpect of examining a country, whofe vegetable productions had been at- tended to by very few.
Mr. Pennant, who was well acquainted with the ruling paflion of his companion, firft thought fit to encourage it, by fug- gefting the compilation of a Firora Sco- Tica, and promifing afterwards to ufher it
“into the world.” This promife he hath pers
formed at his fole expence, dn the moft friendly and difinterefted manner. How far the public will be obliged to him for this encouragement is a matter of fome doubt ; but under it’s engaging influence I
- could not refufe to undertake the work, and
execute it to the beft of my ‘power, both in juftice to him who was pleas’d to think me equal to the performance, and°for the credit of myfelf. | by 3 | Returning therefore moft grateful acknow- ledements. to Mr. Pennant, forthe pleafures I received both in my journey and com~ pany with him, I muft now proceed to.
PvgR EOF YA dC vik.
to lay before the reader a fhort plan of the work itfelf, and of the various aids I re- ceived in the execution of it. | _ The firft. part of the book is a fketch of Caledonian Zoology, compos’d by Mr. Pen- nant, and prefix’d for the benefit of thofe naturalifts who with to be acquainted with the animals of North Britain. | This is fucceeded by the Frora Scori- cA, or a fyftematic arrangement of the indi- genous plants of Scotland and its i/lands. This arrangement is entirely after the fexual or Linnean method, not only as being the prefent moft approved and fafhionable, but the moft ingenious and convenient, and, confequently, the moft eligible fyftem hither- to invented, | It is well known to confift of twenty-four claffes or primary divifions; at the begin- ning of each of which I have enumerated the feveral orders and genera contained under it, together with the fhort charatters which diftinguith each genus, after the manner of Linneus, in the 13th edition of his Sy/ema Nature. 'This fhort fcheme enables the a4 learner
Wal
viii PAR OE AB FA SC AB.
learner not only to behold at one view the. various .genera comprehended under each» clafs, but alfo to diftinguith readily theirs differences, ,and.'tedifcover -fome’ few {pe- ciess‘of “plants, which wauld.feem to thes Tyro improperly clafs'd, and might. other- wife ybafile .his refearches) in, inveftigating their names. Thefe ‘irregular: fpecies. are, therefore, to facilitate his enquiries, printed in-italicsj; and placedmat. the foot of the or- der to. which they, might feem to belong.
Again,atythe: head: of every genus its ge- nericcharacters: are exprefs'd more fully, in conformuty to the ‘method of the foremen- tioned Swedyh naturalift, with réferences to! his Genera Plantarum, where: thofe’ characters) are defcribed at large.
~Under'each genus are arranged the feirciiele fpeciesy with their trivial names and.fpecific differences, all taken from the fatne author, : unlefs. where new {pecies required new names to be given them. w!
Then follow references to thofe anche , who -have exhibited the beft figures of. the. {everal {pecies.. “The books referred:toare. | : ‘ often
P.RYEDPFAATCSE,
often indeed voluminous and expenfive, but.
they are fuch as will yield much pleafure and fatisfaction to the learner.
‘Next fucceeds the common Engh/h name.
of each fpecies, and afterwards the Scotch and Gaulic or Erfenames, fo farias they are
generally known. and received | by the inha->
bitants.
cular place of growth or native foil. To which is added its duration, exprefs’d
by the following figns, wiz. °©° which de-.
notes the plant to be annual, & biennial, at perennial, and h a tree or forub. After- wards the time of flowering, fignified by the following numbers, vz. I) IicHl. &c.
correfponding to the months of Yanuary,
February, March, &c.
. Then follows a fhort defcription of esti plant, or fome few diftinguifhing characters of it, fuch as were thought neceflary either to point out the difference of fpecies moft nearly allied, or to affift the learner in afcer- taining thofe plants which are generally leaft known, or but ill-defcribed by authors:
fuch
{
To thefe are fabjoin’ - each lait § parti-
1X
‘PORT BORAA LORE
fuch efpecially ate thofe of the Cryptogamia
cla/s, which coft more time and attention __
than all the other twenty-three clafies toge- ther.
Laft of all are fubjoined the various w/es of each plant, whether economical, medical, or fuperfiitious. ‘Their economical and medi- cal ufes are extracted from authors of the firft credit; for the moft part either from Linneus’s Materia Medica, or Haller’s Hi- Sorta firpium Helvetia. For their fuperfti- tious ules Lam»chiefly indebted to my often- mentioned friend Mr. Stuart, a native of. the Highlands, and perfe&ly acquainted with the cuftoms of his countrymen. |
“In the'courfe of this work, I have puree inal the addition of . all Synonyms, not merely to prevent {welling the book, but becaufe they have been fo vie repeated by other authors, and feem to be at the fame: time of little ufe to the learner. I there- fore wholly omitted them, to make way for’ deferiptions, which I flatter myfelf will prove:
of more fervice.
Should
_—
Pm ee OR SR,
Should J be afk’d, why, contrary to the prefent fafhion in works of this kind, I chofe to write the defcriptions and ufes of the plants in Engl/h rather than Latin? I -anfwer, fa comply with the requeft of my beft Srwnds. Neither do I think it any objeGion to the book, as it was written purely for the ufe of my countrymen, who will under ftand jt never the worfe for being in their own. tongue, |
With the ¢heory and technical terms of the Aexual fyftem, and the manner how to in- veftigate an unknown plant, the reader ig fuppofed to be acquainted before he takes the Flora Scotica in hand. If he fhould be totally ignorant of the elements of Botany, and yet be defirous of knowing the names. and ufes of any native plants which may fall in his way, I would beg leave firft to refer him either to the Phibfophia Botanica of Linnaeus, for a Latin inftruGtion in the firft principles of the fcience, or to Lee’s Intro- duction to Botany, or Rofe’s Elements of Botany for an Engljh one; after which I flatter. myfelf he will have little difh- culty, with the help of the Flora Scotica,
to
XU
eae ass i th daar
to afcertain almoft i vegetable of Caledo- nian birth. It may be thought itis a little arro- —
- gant, that I fhould attempt a fyftematic
arrangement of the plants of a large country, without having fpent more than one fummer in it; and indeed the imputation would be juft, if I had not received the greateft af- fiftance therein from able and ingenious bo- tanifts, who have refided in that country their whole lives: gentlemen, who have not only permitted me to examine their va-, luable collections, but have freely commu- nicated to me the obfervations of many
years.
'. Among thefe I have the pleafure firft to
mention with gratitude the name of Dr. Hope, the prefent celebrated profeffor on’ botany at Edinburgh, who not only favoured - me with the fight of his copious Herbarium, but permitted me the ufe of his notes and obfervations, the refult of a long enquiry. | To the Rev. Mr. Stuart jun. late of Killin in Breadalbane, now of Lu/fs, in the rey of Dumbarton, 1 am indebted for every
PR ER OU GA Sc TE.
every affiftance that ingenuity and friendthip could yield. This young gentleman, a moft accurate obferver of Nature’s works, and critically vers'd in the Erfe language, and the manners and cuftoms of his country, I had the good-fortwne to fhare as a compa- nion and fellow-traveller through the Hzgh- lands and Hebrides; and to him I am obliged for a great portion of the High/and botany, for many of the medical and economical, and all the fuper/titious ufes of plants which are interfperfed in this work, and to him I owe the fupply of their Er/fe or Gaulic names.
To the Rev. Dr. Burgefs of Kirkmichael, in Dumfriesfbire, 1 am eminently indebted for the botany of the Lowlands. Unfolicited and without referve, he was ready to impart all the botanical difcoveries he had made ‘during the courfe of many years. To him ~—-T am likewife obliged for the provincial
names of plants, or thofe made ufe of by _ the common people of the country.
To thefe afliftances from gentlemen con-
ftantly refident in Scotland, 1 mutt add the friendly aids I have received from thofe who, ¢ like
X1il
| VIX
POR Ae of HA ve ch,
like myfelf, have made only tranfient vifits in it.
Dr. Parfons, the prefent ingenious pro= feffor of anatomy at Ox/ord, during his me- dical ftudies at Edinburgh, as a neceflary concomitant to the knowledge of phyfic, made dofany one of his principal purfuits, and greatly excelled in it. He was indefa+ tigable in his enquiries into the {cience, and in colleGting the objects of it; and with —
| much gratitude I remember the liberty he
gave me to reap the fruits of his labours, by permitting me to examine his Herbarium, + extract from his notes.
Mr: Yalden, a late ftudent in phyfic at Edinburgh, and a moft fagacious and un-_ eisai naturalift, loft no opportunity dur< ing his continuance in that univerfity, of cultivating his knowledge in éotany. He made a copious collection of the vegetable productions of Scotland, with many curious obfervations on them, and in the moft libe- ral and friendly manner fubmitted the whole to my infpection and ule. |
| a
Be Rs Be Pa Any Bi «
To the number of thofe friends who have contributed their affiftances towards the pre- fent work, I am happy to add the refpecta- ble and celebrated names of Fofeph Banks Efq; and Dr. Solander, the two great philo- fophical luminaries of this nation; gentle- men who were ever ready to elucidate a
difficult fubject, and who never fail’d to —
difpel the obfcurity which furrounded any dubious plant. —
Nor will gratitude allow me to forget the obligations I owe to the friendly indulgence of Dr. Sibthorpe, Profeflor of Botany at Ox- ford, who with great freedom and kindnefs : permitted me to examine Dr. Dillenius’s ce- lebrated collection of moffes now in his cuf- tody, and thereby enabled me to folve many doubts and difficulties among the numerous {pecies of that minute tribe of vegetables.
- Having now exhibited, as I propofed, 2
fhort plan of the following work, and enu- merated the various aids I received in the execution of it, it may not be amifs briefly to acquaint the reader, what were my own “preparative qualifications for the undertaking
7 it.
xv
Xvi
Pa RO BY Bi At CO: E:
it. I would with therefore to let him know, that the entertaining fcience of Botany had been the conftant amufement of my rides and walks for upvyerds of fixteen years, previous to my tour in Scotland; that in this tour I travelled either by land or fea from the fouth of Annandale to the borders of Sutherland, vifited moft of the Hebrides, except the Long- Ffland, traverfed the kingdom from Argyle- Joire to the county of Mearns, that is, from the weffern to the eaflern fhore, and after- wards return’d to England by way of Edin~ burgh and Kelfo; that in. all this trad, which took up the daily exercife of a whole fummer, I had a conftant eye to the follow- ing work, embraced every opportunity of fcaling the higheft mountains, climbing the moft rugged rocks, penetrating the thickeft woods, treading the fallacious bogs, winding upon the fhores of feas and lakes, -in fhort, of examining every varicty of land or water, which promifed to produceia a’ Va~ riety of vegetables. This is mentioned only to acquaint ‘the reader what degree of perfection he may” \, expect
PUR BRS At Gg,
| expedt from the following Flora, for I pre-
- fume not to affert that it contains every in-
digenous plant of the country whofe vege- tables it recounts; it’ is fuffient th. it comprehends by far the sreateft part, which is as much as the Fira of any country can pretend to. The number of plants it comprifes is not very far fhort of thirteen
hundred, which will furely be allowed a»
competent foundation for an undertaking of this fort. Doubtlefs there are many behind undifcovered, Thefe may ferve as an incite- ment to others to make new refearches, and fo by degrees complete the work I have here begun: and if at any time fuch refearches fhould be attended with difcoveries, and thofe who make them will take the trouble to communicate them to the author, fuch communications fhall at all times be grate- fully acknowledged.
Should the following performance happen to excite any to the ftudy of the vegetable creation, it may poflibly become the fource ef much health and pleafure, by the exer-
cife it neceffarily promotes to the body, and 5 the
XViL
KViil
Ps Ry BE) Fx Aq Cy EB:
the complacency it always begets in the mind: but fhould it prove the happy inftru-
_ ment of diverting any from foolifh and un-
manly purfuits to the rational ftudy of God’s works, and the contemplation of his fub- lime attributes, manifefted therein, which is the natural tendency of fuch a ftudy,
my time and labour have not been employed in vain. )
Uxbridge, July 24, 1777+
REFE-
( xix)
REFERENCES expliiried.
AG. Pari. h EMOIRES dé I’Academie’ Royale AV B des Sciences. Paris. 4to: Arduin. spec. Petri drduini Obfervationum Botanicafum
Specimen I, Patav. anno 1759. 4to. & II. ibid. anno 1764, 4to.
Arduin. Mem. Ejufdem Memorie Differtationi & Defcriz-
| zioni anno 1766, 4to. Patav.
Amman. St. rar.Ruth.Joannis Ammani Stirpium rariorum in Im- perio Ruthenico, &c. Petrop. 1739. 4to.
Amman. com.Petrop. Ejufdem Lapathum orientale pulchrum Com- ment. Petrob, T. xitr. :
Barrel. icon. Jacobi Barreleri Icones Plantarum per Galliam, Hifpaniam et Italiam obfervata- rum. Paris. 1714. Fol.
Rafter. opufe. Jobi Baftert opufcula fubfeciva, &c. tom. 1. & tom. 2. Harlem. 1762. 1765.
Blacks. fpec. bot. J. Blackftone Specimen Botanicum. Lond.
"1746. 12°.
Banhin. Prod. Cafpari Baubini Prodromus et Pinax. Ba- fil. 1671. 4°
Baubin. bift. Joannis Baubini Hiftoria Plantarum uni- verfalis. Ebrodun. 1650. fol.
ba Blakwell’s
™
xx | REFERENCES EXPLAINED.
Blakwell’s Herb.
Buxb, Hallenf. ,
Buxb. Cent.
Boccon. Muf. Boccon. pl. rar.
Column. ecphraf.
Crantz. Green.
Dalech. bift.
Dillen. Eltham.
Dillen. mufe.
Dubamel. arb.
l
Elizabeth Blakwell’s curious Herbal. Lond. 17 39. fol. 2 vol, et auctius meliufq. cura’ Ch. Jac. Trew. Norimberg. 1741. feqq. fol. 5 vol. |
Joannis Chriftiani Buxbaum Enumeratio plantarum in Agro Hallenfi. Hala Mag- deb. 1721. 8vo.
Eyufdem plantarum minus cognitarum Cen- turiz quinque. I. et I.1721. II. 1729.. IV. 1733. V.1740. Petrop. 4to.
Pauli Boceone Mufeeum plantarum rariorum, Venet. 1697. 4to.
Pauli Boccone plantarum rariorum Sicilize icones et defcriptiones. Oxon. 1674. 4to.
Fabii Columne Ecphrafis I. et 11. minus cognitarum rariorumque sig aaa Rome. 1616, 4to.
David Crantz’s Hiftory of Greenland. Tranflated from the German. 2 vol. 8vo. London. 1767.
Jacobi Dalechampii Hiftoria generalis Plan. tarum. Lugd. 1584. fol.
Joannis Jacobi Dillenii Hortus Elthamenfis, feu Delineationes plantarum rariorum. Lond, 1732. fol.
Joannis Jacobi Dillexit Hiiftoria mufcorum. Oxon. 1741. 4t0. :
Du Hamel Traité des arbres et des arbuftes. Paris, 1755. 2 vol. 4to,
Flor.
REFERENCES EXPLAINED. xxi
Flor. Suec. Caroli Linngi Flora Suecica. Stockholmia, 1755. 8vo. Ger. emac. Joannis Gerardi Hiftoria Plantarum a Tho-
ma Fobufon emaculata. London. 1633, et 1636. fol. Gerard. Gallopr. _ Ludovici. Gerardi Flora Galloprovincialis, eae Paris. 1761. 8vo. : Gener. icon. en. Conradi Gefnert Opera botanica iconibus geneis. Nuremberg. 1752. fol. Gledit. fung. Joan. Gottlieb Gleditchii Methodus Fungo-
, rom. Berok> 1799. 8vo.
Gmel, Sibir. Joannis Georg. Gmelni Flora Sibirica. I. II. vol. Petrop. 1750. UT. 1768. IV,
es | 1769. 4to.
Ginel, Fucor. Ejufdem Fiftoria Fucorum. Petrop. 1768. Ato.
Gunner. Fl, Norveg. J. Erneft. Gunneri. Flora Norvegica. Ni-
| dros. 1766. fol. |
Haller. firp. Helv. Alberti Haller Hittoria ftirpium indigena-
| | rum Helvetia. Berne. 1768. 2 vol. fol.
Haller. opufc. Alberti Haller Opufcula Botanica recula et
, | aucta, Gotunge. 1749. 8vo.
Hort, Aichfet. f, Eyftet. BaGilii Befleri Hortus Aichftetteniis f,
Eyftettenfis. Noremb. 1613. fol. et 1640,
fol. Hudf. Fl. Angl. Gulielmi Hydfoni Flora Anglica. Londini. 1762. 8vo,
Herm. Paradif. Pauli Hermanni Paradifus Batavus. Lugd. 3698. to. | b'3 | Facquin.
Gan ore .. Sie dad
sexi _ REFERENCES EXPLAINED.
Facquin. abf.
Lin. Gen. pl.
Ein. fp. pl,
Lin. Flor. Suee.
Lin. Fl. Lap.
Lin. fyft. nat.
Lin. Manti]s,
Les. Prufs.
Nicolai Jofeph Facquin Obfervationes Bae tanice. P. I. Vienn. 1764. fol. et P. IL, 1767. fol. :
Caroli Linnzi Genera Plantarum. Holmia, 1764. 8vo. edit. 6ta. ,
Ejuldem Species plantarum. Holmiz. 1762, edit. fecunda. 8vo. 2 vol.
Ejufdem Flora Suecica. Stockholmiz.17 5 i Svo.
Ejufdem Flora Lapponica. Amftelodami.
1737. 8vo.
Ejufdem Syftema Nature. Hol ie. 1766. et 1777. U1. tom. 8vo. primus in 2 parti. bus—Ect Syftema vegetabilium. Gottin- - ge. 1774. 1. vol. 8yo, edit. 13%.
Ejufdem Mantiffa Plantarum, ad finem > Syftematis Natura priys diéti in tom. ado. Holmia. 1767.
Et Altera Mantiffa Plantarum. Holmias. 1771. 8vo. !
‘Joannis Lefeki Flora Pruffica. Regimont. 7
1703. 4to.
sis hort. Monfpel. Petri Magnol Hortus regius Monfpe-
hienfis. Monfpelii. 1697. 8vo.
Marten. Spitfberg. Frederic: Martens Itinerarium Spitfber-
genfe et Groenlandicum. Hamb. 1675. 4to, germanice. Amitelodam. 1685. 4to. Belgice. Anglice a a Rajo.
! Mentz.
REFERENCES EXPLAINED. RRlit *
Mentz. pug. Chriftiani Mentzelii Index Plantarum et Pugillus. Berolin. 1696. fol.
Moris. hift. Ox. Roberti Morifoni et Jacobi Bobarti Hifto-
: ria Plantarum Oxonienfis. III vol. fol. Oxon. 1680.
Oeder. Fl. Dan. Georgii Chriftiani Oeder Flora Danica. P.I. Hafniz. 1761. fol. et reliqui tomi ad IX.
Parkinfon. Joannis Parkinfoni Theatrum. Botanicum. Lond. 1640. fol.—Ejufdem Paradifus terreftris. Lond. 1629. fol.
Pluk. alm. et phyt. Leonardi Plukenetii Almageftum Botanicum et Phytographia. Lond. gto. diverfo tem- pore edita. |
Pennanit’s Tour. A Tour in Scotland and Voyage to the Hebrides, by Tho. Pennant, Efg. 2 vol.
gto. Chefter. 1774. and 2d part, London.
1776. Ato. Raii Syn. Joannis Raii Synopfis Methodica Stirpium -Britannicarum. edit. IIT. Lond. 1724. 8vo. R. Hift, ‘Ejufdem Hiftoria Plantarum. 3. Lond.
1686, et 1704. fol. Rivin. irr. mon. ic. Augutti Quirinit Rivini ordines Plantarum — flore irregulari monopetalo, tetrapetalo, et’ pentapetalo, Lipfia. 1691 et 1699. fol. Roef. infeé, Auegufti Joannis Koefel Hiftoria Infectarum cum aliquot figuris Plantarum. Norim-
: berg. 4to. 1749.4 tom. Scheff, Fung, Jac. Chriftiani Scheffer. Hiftoria Fungorum 3 b 4 circa
XXIV REFERENCES EXPLAINED,
circa Ratifbonam nafcentium. Ratifbon, 1762 et 1763, &c. Centurie Il. gto. Scheuchz. Agroft. Joannis Jacobi Scheuchzeri: Agroftographia, Tiguril. 1719. 4to. Scheuchz. Itin. Alp. Eyufdem Itinera alpina tria. Lond. 1708. | 4to. et ejufdem Itinera apm IX) 17290 . 4to. 2 vol. Schmidel. icon. Cafimir Chriftopheri Schwidel icones plane tarum et analyfes ari incifaz. Norimberg, 1748, fol. tabulis 19. Fyufdem Buxbaumia. 1758. Ejufdem Blafia. 1759. Fyjufdem Fungermannia. 1761. Schreber. gram. — Joannis Chriftiani Schreber Defcriptio Grae minum. Lipfig. 176g. fol. Scopol. Fi. Carniol. Joannis Antoni Scopoli Flora Carniola edit. 2°. Vindobon. 1772. 8vo. 2 tom, Seguier. Veron. J]. Franc. Seguier Plantae Veronenfes, Ve- ronz. 1745. 8vo, 2 vol, | Ejufdem Supplementum. ibidein.1754. 8vo. Sibbald. Scot. il. Roberti Sibbaldi Scotia illuftrata. Edinb, ) 1684. fol. Siero. Fung. Francifci van Sterbeeck Theatrum Fungo- } rum. Belgice. Antwerp. 1675. 4to. Stilling. TraG.. Benjamin Stillingfleet’s milcellancous Tracts, r. Lond. 1762. 8vo. Tabernemont. ic. Jacobi Theodori Zabernemontani Icones Plantarum. Franc. 1690. 4to. Thal.
|
' REFERENCES. EXPLAINED, XXV
Thal. Hare, Joannis Thalit Harcynia Sylva. 1588. to, Francfort.
eee In. R. H. Jofephi Pitton Toarnefort Inftitutiones Rei Herbariz. Paris. 1700. 4to.
Vaill. Paris, | Sebaftiani Vaillant Botanicon Parifienfe, |
Weis. Crypt. Frederici Gulielmi eis Plante Cryptoga- micz Flore Gottingenfis. Gottinge.1779 8yo, |
ERRORS
ERRORS of the PRESS,
(eev oy
Which the Reader is defired to correct _
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with his. pen.
for trancutus write truncatus.
f. AGROSTRIS w. AGROSTIS, /- perinatis w. pinnatis,
/- foliacca w. foliacea.
Ff: paleacce w. paleacez.
f. defcernible w. difcernible.
/- trifpidiufculis w. hifpidinfeplis. jf. divaricafa w. divaricata. /
f- caryophylea w. caryophyllea.
f- {cabiofis av. {cariofis.
/: {piculee w. {picula.
f: medica w. media.
j: feabra w. feabra.
jy. decumbent w, decumbens.
f- arvencis w. arveniis.
/- fubulato ariftatis w. fubulato- arihatiae /: kind aw. rind.
jf: calamagrotis “w. calamagrofiis. /. fomentofis w. tomentofis.
J. nu w. nec.
f- adtta w. aucta.
jy. imo dextram w. imo ad dextram, jf. Mcirhofities qw. {cirrhofities.
f- In Cartland w. on Cartland,
f- trifpido w. hifpido.
f- trifpidis w. hifpidis.
F. Succica w. Suecica.
jf. of Potamogeton w. of a Potamogeton,
Ff Sequier w. Seguier.
jf. Cops. w. Caps.
/: tritpida qw. hifpida.
jf» Hydrocotile w. Hydrocotyle. Jf: expanfo plana w. expanfo-plana.
132,
ERRORS of the PRESS, XXVIi
ne tet RS,
f- Morift. w. Moris. f: Moritt. w. Moris. f. Hott. w. Hort. erafe Your Scotl. 1772. qto. tab. for affording vegetation w. affording nourifh- ment for vegetation. fs queens w. queen, erafe the comma after the word Benmor, and alfo after Ben-Croachan. jf: protrato w. proitrato. f- and limbs w. and ufe of his limbs. f. are without dent w. have no dent. f- mafting w. making ;‘and Alkali in Italics. f. Corolli w. Corollis, f Quadrified w. Quadrifid. f. UMBELLATG@ w. UMBELLATA. iy hifpidis w. hifpidus. . cequales w. zquales, fs HERAGLEUM w. HERACLEUM. after the word /uperioris add a full period. after Tour in Scotl. 1772. gto. edit. add Part Il. pag. 205. tab. XXIV. | f. to be pair w. to be a pair, after the word bené add a full ftop. f: they refemble w. the partial ones refemble. after Moris. hilt. S. add g. f. bicuta w. cicuta. after cicuta erafe the ftop. fi: lacinz uw, laciniz, f: levi-w. levi. f. Morift. w. Moris. 7. arborco w. arboreo. f- left w leaft. ‘ay. fubulato-filiformia jain’d by a hyphen. aw. a comma after the word trilobis. I: dextrom w. dextram. ~ ad p. 12. w. p. 12. ad. ‘A Scheuck w. Scheuch, © f. gramiferis qw. graniferis. f- and watte places ay. and in watte places. erafe the hyphen between the figure 3 and the word ca/yciformia.
| era/é the hyphen after the figure 3. 197
XXVUll
Page’ Line 197 | ult. 218 | 26 220 3 220.) 04 BAU) 27 221 |penult 222] 25 224| 4 226 : 226 8 226 .penult, 230} 14 231 16 232 27° 234 I #37 1 Ih 240 ipenult 242 2 242). 3 242; ult. roa)? €5 248 | 5 251} 5 251 7 ee ae 25 22 254 | 16 255 15 Oe ag Eee 260 25 200 ahs 8 262 5 202 9 202°b AG 07-4 Gh 264 | 23 265 | 15 266 2 269 3 272 “
ERRORS of the GPAR ES.6.
f- rgentea w. argentea.
put an hyphen between the words pated’. and amplexicaulibus.
put a comma after Caffle, and a Period after Strath.
jy: Rofenath w. Rofeneath,
jf» erenated w. crenated.
Jj» Finlairg w. Finlarig.
«| f. three inches q. three inches high,
f- Flot. w. Flor.
f- cunciformibus zy. cuneiformibus, jf. Etham w. Eltham.
f- unifiora w. unifloro,
jf: Petula qw. Petala.
J: Mearis w. Meavis.
Jf: parced w. parad.
y. ftrip. w. ftirp.
S> Page 334 Ww. 234.
/: Strath-Eme qw. Strath-Erne, -
| f- vifcorum w. vifcofum,
f- ramis, fubunifloris. aw. ramis unifloris.
Ff: Strip. w. Stirp.
erafe the comma after floribus.
put a comma after furrow’d.
f: Intermix’d w. mix’d,
jf: Sempervium w. Sempervivum.
f- Sempervium e. Sempervivum.
jf: bas w, bail.
fo a Ws ate
f. of flowers commonly three w. ‘confiiting commonly of three flowers.
f- fomentofis w. tomentofis.
f- neighborhood aw. neighbourhood.
f: trifpida w. hifpida.
erafe the comma after globofis, and infert one _ after glabris.
f. hairs and w. hairs or,
f. pedunculig. w. pedunculifque,
f. emaginated w. cmaiginated.
Ff. Baugh w. Bauh,
f. fratticofus w. fruticofus.
f. Ger.cm. w. Ger. em.
f Ruffians ev. The Rufiians,
f» intermix’d w. mix’d.
473
ERRORS of the PRESS. XXIX
Page| Line, . . 273] 10 |/f. in the fea-{curvy w. for the fea fcurvy, 273 | 10 | f/f forto itrengthen w. to ftrengthen. 275 8 | f. Swardles w. Swardle. 277 10 | f. Giftus w. Ciftus. 2781 12 | f. lineart w. linearia. 280 J alt. | f. Bakwel ew. Blakwel. 282] 27 | /f. radicated w. radiated. 285 12 | erafe the comma after varies. 289 |] 11 |f. Rinrofs-fhire w. Kinrofs-fhire. 294] 24 |/f. hederaceous w. hederaceus. 300 | 13 | f. bafs w. bafi. 307 | 13 | f. left aw. leaft. 308 g | f-altmatic w. afthmatic. 313 | 8 |{‘f. folis w. foliis. 317 7 | f. Rippis w. Kippis. 322 | 27 | /f- ina foliaceous w. in foliaceous. 325 | 19 | f hianttibus w, hiantibus. 326 3 | f- 4-fidus w. 4-fidus. 326 6 |f. labis w. labio. 326 | 18 | f. embranched w. unbranched, 326 | 28 |/f. 5-fictus w. 5-fidus. 326 | 29 | w. tunicata in Roman Hides with: a full i period after it. 330 | 17 |f Bank. w. Bauh. 330 | 28 | after the word corol/is w. obtufis. 331 3. | f Flax-glove w. Fox-glove. 331 10 | f. lanceo w. laticeotae. 331 | 19 |f fcorphulous w. fcrophulous. 332| 16 |f. 2-bidus w. 2-fidus. 335 7 |f- nians w. hians. 335 ir |f Silig. w. Siliq. 3360} ult. | f- ficula w. filicala. ee, 5 |/ monntains w. mountains, 347 5 | f fubtrians w, fubhians. S97 b 24 Ls: a aw. fruticofo. 359 20 | f. interg; w. interq; 393 GF alculine w. alkaline. 367 g |w. ahyphen between guinque and partite. 372,| 18 | putacolon after the word detwween. 374 4 |/f: Stranguary w. Strangury. 380 | 23 | f clariculata w. claviculata. 385 8 |erafethe comma after /pizis. 387 | 4 |f. gronnd w. ground.
391
KXX ERRORS of the PRESS:
Page Line 39! 12 | f: diphyllus w. diphylliss 392 2. | fs and fome foils.qw. and in fome foils.
393 | ult. | 7 fix fect w. fix feet high.
394. 5 |f- each pinne w. each pinna.
394 | 27 _|/- greated branched w. greatly bragehed :
403 | 16 | after the 16th line infert the Englifh name of Bird’s-foot Trefoil.
411 | 12 | érafe the comma after caulibus.
415 if Trygina w: Trigyna:
415 | f androfcemum w. androfemum ; ; and f. trys gynis w. trivynis.
, 422] 20 | f. nodumw. nudum. 423 | 16 | f. longifia w. longiffima.
o™
429 6 | fi with a more w. with more.
431 3 | fi may. given w: may be givens —
433°) 24° Jeraie ihe comma ai ‘ter foliiss
434 17 re growns w. grows.
4341 26 | f. Heracium w.-Hieracium. re: 437 7 |f- Pilofella w: Pilofellz bs 4338 2 |f. repenning w: ripening
444] ze |f. caniculatis w. sheep
446 2 |f ilghtly w. flightly. 448 | 15 | ww. two thirds of the way up if: 449 5 |/- Serratule w. Serratula. 450 4 |: pilofa w. pilofo. 450 | 11 |f pricked aw: prickled. 452 | 17 |f- fpecific aw. {pecifie: 456 6 | /. fortaffe w. fortaffe. 456 | 24 |f. bractee w. brattea: _ 459 2 |f. {quarorfis w. {quarrofis. 460} ult. | f. pule w. palex. 463 | 15 | w. from three to fix inches high. 466 | 22 |/f. feminieis w. femineis. 479] 24 |f. one plantaw.onone plant. | 477 6 | /f. Petafites w. Petafites. 478 4 |f fudorific alexipharmic w. fudorific amd alexipharmic. 478 | 19 \fe fefile w. feflile. 480 2 |f radicated w. radiated. ) 480 3 «|f. tridente w. tridentated. 480 | 12. |aw. three or four feet high. 481 6 |f. finnated w. finuated. 483 | 23 |f- is little hairy av. is a little hairy. *489 | 1a | / membraneous ev. membranaceous,
498
ERRORS of the PRESS. amis
Page] Line ;
490 | 13 | for folidio write folidis.
490 | 15 {/f. partheniam w. parthenium.
495 | 11 |f pinnatid w. pinnated.
496} 23 | /f. Millifolium w. Millefolium. |
496 | 28 -|.f. Noblefeed w. Nofebleed.
498 | 18 | f. pinnatid w. pinnated.
502 8 |f. unreguarded aw. unregarded.
504} 20 | f. hemifperical w. hemifpharical.
505 | 27 | erafe the word is.
506 | 19 | f. Brattee w. Brattez.
508 | 26 |f. Mantrfs. aw. Mantifs.
508 | 27 |f. Huller. w. Haller.
S09 | 10 | f. become w. becomes.
509 | 11 | w. acomma after oval.
509 | 21 | f haxe w. have.
s1i0 | 16 | f.is w. it’s.
512 | 10 |f. ARIUM w. ARUM.
512} 18 | f. labis w. labio.
512 | 22 | f. Sequier w. Seguier.
513.| 12 | erafe the commaafter NeZarium.
522 5 |f- Nidus cevis w. Nidus avis.
526 | 28 | /f. two petals w. the petals.
528 | 12 |f. Tho w. The; and put a comma after the word ered.
529 | 25 | Ff aftmatic w. afthmatic.
HO ah gunk 3 os
535 | 10 (f/f. ftraited w. ftrait.
538 4. | erafe the comma after Linnzus.
538 | 23 [f. femineaq; w. femineaqg;
539 8 | f. fix w. fix.
543 | 24 |f. blakith w. blackith.
544 | 15 |w. a femicolon after top, and a comma after £WO0.
544 | 22 Jera/e the letter ¢ after the word conica.
544 | 26 jerafe the comma after the word communi- cated.
551 |penult.| erase the period after non, and put a comma after bené.
553 4. |f. qnod w. que.
553 4 }w. by before the prepofition cam. “
| $5
XxXXil
ERRORS of the PRESS,
Page} Line 550 | 24 537 5 564) 2 §OZ 8 572 6 575 9- 576 | 17 578 | 17 580 10 581 | 26 583} 4 589 | 15 bs ti oo 597 | 25 598 17 599 ie 599 | 45 603 | 13 60 2 rai : 606 3 608 4 618 zo 626 | 14 633 2 644 | ult 646 8 647 | 4 648 | ult. 651 ‘penult. 653 | 25 654} 11 654 | 20 660 3 660 5 661 II 663 20 “666 10 668 | 27 681 25 9
fj. each w. each other:
erafe the comma after cap/ulis.
w. a comma after erea.
aw. Bentefkerny.
eraje the particle a before the word 4ai/f: erafe the particle a after the word ger.
| after Grous ws and.
fi Oppofitis dv. oppofitis. Nha
f- bigemis w. ‘bigeminis.
f. aculioribus w. sbeebs with a comm4 after it.
|/. befids w. befides.
jf. grind w. grind its
qv. a comma after /oining.
/« Baugh a. Bauh.
f- cylinrical w. cylindrical.
av. myrfinites.
av. Ben-Achalader.
f- continus aw. continues.
fs agree w. agrecs.
jf» meior qw. melior,
Ne fubpilofis aw. fubpilofis.
av. a comma after the word /o/7. j- unquent w. unguent.
f» 3-phillus a. 3-phyllus.
qv. a comma after the word thin.
. |» fruGificationes ww. fructifications.
f. compohtis w. compofitis.
fe Equifetrm w. Equifetum.
jy. here w. here and there.
jf. tran{vferely w. wan fvertelys
[f Mr. Stuart aw. M‘. Stuart.
jf. vamifaGtions w.-ramifications.
f. fiondibns w. frondibus.
f. {paris w. fparfis.
qw.a hyphen between the words cordato and lingulatis.
f. Tonge w. Tongue.
fr Coygoch w. Coygach.
w. a comma after wilternii. ;
f/f» lanulatis w. lunulatis. ag!
erafe the commia after Dunvororig«
if: of fine w:_of a fine.
/ " f
684
ERRORS of th PRESS,
Page, Line
684} ‘13 | f arind w.akind.
684 ‘penult.| / at the end w. at the head. 686.| 17 | /f- foliolis w. foliofis.
ri 5. | fi contralibus zw. centralibus. 694 3 | f. Arft w. firft.
697 | 9g |/f. vafculorum w. vafculofum.
697 | 12 | /. pedunculatumh w. pedunculatum,
698 | 14 | /f. fimplice w. fimplici.
702 |} 20 | f. anthera w. anthera.
7o4 ipenult.| ww. a comma after the word burf.
708 | 27 | f. fimplice w. fimplici.
7i1 | 25 | erafe the word pendulis, which is twice printed,
717 15 | f- {pheericis ew. fphezricis.
717}. ult. | £ f{phoerical w. {phzrical.
718 | 14 | w. inverted conical with a hyphen and not a | comma between them.
718 | 24 |f. Gg. w. fig.
719 8 |/f- near a cylindrical w. nearly of a cylindri-
cal. 719 | 10 |/, over, lower qw. over, and lower. 723.) .17 |/f- {perculo w. operculo.
727 5 | f- lente acuta ww. lente aucta.
730 18 | f. invifible ww. vifible,
733 Q | erafe the comma after /urcalis.
735 | 14 | f half an inch w. half an inch digh, 737 | 1% | w.acomma after thin.
738 17 | av. a comma after ramofis.
740 | 17 |/f. fimplicifia w. fimplicifiima.
740 | 26 | /f lancelate w. lanceolate.
748 | 25 |w. yellowifh, green, with a hyphen and not .a comma between them.
Gag: 10. \| f. qualiiy ew. quality.
755 | 12 | w. aud before the word arise.
756 4 | f. erect if tufts av. erect if in tufts.
757 4 |/f. curved w. covered.
763 |. 10 | f creep and fhoot w. creep and fhoct out.
767 10 | f. they are not w. they are not _/o.
767 | 18 | f. their ufes w. it’s ufes.
771 9 {/f. largelt the w. largelt of the.
771 16 | Ff alternately, pinnate aw, alternatély-pin- nate. -
771 | 26 | f that genus w. this genus.
772 21 |f. authera w. anthera.
774 | 10 | /f. falcous, green a. fufcous- green, C 773
XXXIii
ERRORS’ of ‘th PRESS:
Page) Line oS ee Ur 1 23 ‘ge Oe 780 22 784 | 27 786} 9 789 | 25 793 at 797 \penult 798 | 15 Tiel BO A ca 803 25 810 | 23 S11 7 313 3 $13 16 816 4. 816 | 10 824 | 14 $26 2 $26 13 833 | 39 338 12 $47 12 857 ult. S61 21 88i 19 890,.| 25 897 | 11 904 5 Oza | s22 Qz4 12 G37 8 O45... Ay 948 | 23 960 | 2 97" 7 977°). ult, 984 1z Ioo0o} ult. 1006; 14 1O$7 13
erafe is covered, which is twice printed.
f- green granulated w. greensgranulated pore er.
erafe the word have, which is twice printed:
fi one of the left w. one of the leaf.
f/f. greenifh, black w. greenifh-black.
f» peduncunlatis w. pedunculatis,
fi: pinqui w. pingul.
f. fhining, green w. fhining-preen.
1 f. uw. acomma after flat.
jf: pale green we pale-green color.
ew. coronatum.
erafe the comma after /mooth.
f- cruftaceous ay. craftaceus.
Ff: greenifh, yellow w. greenifh-yellow. /- either of a greenifh w. either greenifh- erafe the comma after thin.
aw. a femicolon after cluffers.
erase the comma after glaucous.
f. over another a. over one another. © f. blackith, brown «ey. blackifh-browne erafe the comma after Sue.
f-a pale glaucous w. pale glaucous. era/e the comma after Swelled.
f. and it even w. and it zs even.
fs over another w. over one anothers fe pares we paris.
erafe the comma after wo.
f- flightly ev. flightly.
crafe the comma after which.
\
_| erafe the comma after dichotoma.
crafe the comma after within. w. a comma after diffance.
fe J-Columb-kill zw. I-Columb-kill.
ay. an inch wide. f. endiviz folius qw. endivictoling’ as one word. f. FUCUUS, ULA w. FUCUS, ULVA. erafe the femicolon after fingle. f. undiftinGly a. indiftinély. ww. a@ femicolon after roof. f: J-Coiumb-kill w. I-Columb-kill. - . Creen w. Green. f= ochrolensa w. ochroleucas
CATAS
Ce sev.)
AT A EO G UB OF THE
VG Tare. Boul R od. S: Plate I. Page 17. #7\SPREY. II. 20. Hooded Crow: Til. 34. Knot. Hebridal Sandpiper: IV. 35. Long-lego’d Plover. V. 40. Black Gull. Black-headed 7 Gull. PLANTS.
Ranunculus reptans, p. 289. in the frontifpiece of th¢ . ’ firft volume. VI. 77. Pinguicula villofa. 543.Carex pauciflora. p. 543. vol. II. ! | cme Plate VII,
KYKVI
CATALOGUE of the FIGURES.
Plate VII. Page 134 Pulmonaria maritima.
VIN.
ik. —-:
XT.
ALR
- . ‘ , ‘i 4 ‘a. The flower with its ca-
lyx. 6. The corolla opened in © order to fhew the num- ber and pofition of the flamina. a&4. Anthericum calyculatum. g. The flower expanded, with the peduncle an- * Mex: 124, Ruppia maritima. 183. Juncus trifidus. 186. Juncus triglumis. 199. Epilobium alpinum. 242, Ceraftium latifolium.
' 225. Arbutus alpina.
a. With flowers.
é. With fruit. 216. Arbutus uva urfi.
c. With flowers.
d. With fruit, 22%. Saxifraga wre",
a, The “fla expanded
of the natural fize.
b, The two germinds —
227. Silene acaulis.
Plate XIII.
CATALOGUE of the FIGURES. -
Plate XIII. Page 266. Rubus chamzemorus.
XIV.
a. The plant in flower. b. The fruit.
286. Thalictrum alpinum. 321. Bartfia vifcofa.
a, The calyx with the pif-
— til in the centre.
& Afide view of the co- rolla.
c. A front view of the fame. - |
d. a front view of the up- per lip, |
e. A front view of the lower lip. |
f-g. front and poftern views of a magnified anthera upon its filament, be- fore it has difcharged its pollen.
b. i, The fame as the two laft, after the, guibera has burft and difcharged its pollen through two oval apertures. |
k&. The piftil, confifting of the Sermen, ityle, and fligma.
: Plate XY,
XXXVI
XXXViil
CATALOGUE of the FIGURES.
Plate XV. Page 347. Cardamine petrza. |
XVII.
XVIII.
XIX, "XX.
XXI.
XXII.
XXIII.
XXIV.
353. Sifymbriurn monenfe. 390. Crobus fylvaticus. a. The plant in flower. _ b. The pods. 401. Aftragalus uralenfis. 434. Hieracium alpinum.
448. Serratula alpina. - 470. Gnaphalium dioicum.
471. Gnaphalium alpinum. 505. Lobelia Dortmanna.
Vu P.. Al
Agroftis pumila: 4pp.p.108 t- to be placed, in the frontif- piece of the 2d volume.
a. A fingle flower magnified,
520. Satyrium repens.
a. A fide view of the co- -
rolla. b. A front view of the fame. 623, Ophrys corallorhiza in its feeding ftate. a. The flower on its pe- duncle.
5A. Carex incurva.
87, Schoenus compreffus. A va- riety with a ftalk nearly round,
CATALOGUE of the FIGURES. round, and dark ferrugi- | neous glumes. PlateX XV. Page 575. Betula nana. XXXVI. © 826. a, Lichen plumbeus, 827. 6 Lichen Burgeffii.
c. Part of a leaf with 4 fhield magnified, in of- der to reprefent diftinct- ly the crown about the
, rim of the fhield. XXVIII. 933. Fuctis palmatus. XXVIII. 938. Fucus efculentus. me -@. A young leaf: - XXIX. 946. Fucus ligulatus. xu X, 949. Fucus prolifer.
a. A portion of the leaf of the natural fize, fhew- ing diftinctly its prolife- rous manner of growth.
b. An extreme fegment of the fame leaf magnified; fhewing the warty fruc-
tifications, and a piece
of the Fluftra pilofa. XXXI. 962. Fucus verticillatus. 1069. Lycoperdon nigrum, XXXII. 964. Fucus pygmzus. | a. b, Leaves of the natu- ral fize,
6B
XXEIx
xl
CATALOGUE of the FIGURES.
c. A leaf of the natural fize in fructification.
d. The extremity of one of the fezments magnified, fhewing diftinétly the
-frudtifications. )
e. A clufter of the plant, fhewing, its manner of. orowth, '
948. Fucus Endivizfolius.
f. The plant of the natu- ral fize. |
g. The extremity of one of the feements mag- nified, fhewing the fruc- tifications.
XXXUI. 974. Ulva laciniata.
4, The plant of its natu- ral fize.
a, The extremity of one of the fegments, fhewing the minute feeds imbed- ded in the membrane, —
XXXIV. 975.Ulva dichotoma.
A. The plant of its natu- ral fize. :
4. The extremity of one of the fegments mag- i nified,
CATALOGUE of the FIGURES,
nified, fhewing its re- ticulated fubftance, and the fuppofed feeds im- “Appenpy | bedded in it. digicam Ns P.1096. Sifon verticillatum. A, Adiminifhed figure of the plant. b. The partial involucrum a little magnified. ¢. The corolla a little mag- nified. d. A feed a little magni. fied.
é. A fingle whirl of the
capillary foliola, of the natural fize,
The Second Volume begins at Page 52r, Clafs MONOECIA.
xit
Boalt ab A se ec * alae ne se Aaah slit | aw ‘ag ry ¥
R nniligas
rer } i wus 2 cf * x nN a “gk if ase & i : mt ae. Bae 7 a amiga, Sak 4
PAs
¥ A Pr] ‘ oF ¢ !
y ,
<e ee .
CLASS I. QUADRUPEDS.
Bo ale O, BuE D.
nok es &
i, Generous, ; Br. Zool. 1.1, Erse, Stallion, org each. mare Lair, capul. gelding, each, mare. foal Searrach, HE predominant color grey, or white ; {mall in the highlands and iflands: the {malleft in the ifle of Tirey and the Shet- land ifles. ‘ames J. improved the breed of his country by introducing horfes from Hun- gary. Boethius, 362.
2. Afs. Equus afinus Lin. fpf. 100. Afs, Br. Zool. I. 11. fyn. quad. No. 3. Er. afal.
SSES very rare in Scotland: none in the North,
his fees
3. Domettic. Ox, Br. Zool. I. 15. Syn. quad. No. 4 Er Bull Tarbh. Cow. Bo, mart. Ox bes Calf. Laogh.
\Ultivated in all parts; the great article of trade in the North, and moft of
* The animals marked thus * are alfo found in the wane tne
Peas. the ifles: largeft,of the ifland cattle thofe of Skie: oftea hornlefs in the highlands. Dur- ing Winter feed on fea-wrack, fuch as tang, -&c. and tho’ out of fight of the fea, will regularly feek the fhores ‘at the recefs of the tides. ‘The ftags of the iflands do the fame.
Noa: at prefent found unconfined. — } The offspring of the original breed {till preferved in the parks of Hamilton and ~ Drumlanrig , and alfo in that of Chillingham- Cajtle, in Northumberland. Are of a milk« white color; have black ears, muzzles and orbits; horns fine, and bending out; flender legs; very wild; and fly like deer at the fight of man ; generally on full gallop : very fierce, and dangerous when wounded, at- tacking their affailant with great fury. Never approach the cattle-yards, but when com- pell’d by hunger in very fevere weather ; always lie out; their hides on that account tougher, and more valued by curriers than thofe of tame cattle. The carcafs of an ox of this kind weighs 38 ftones Englifh, of a cow 28 ftones.
In Boethius’s days wild everywhere: had — creat manes; I fuppofe long hair on their necks and fhoulders, like the wild bulls of N. America, now have loft that diftinétion : feem to have been the fame with the Bi/ontes —
jubati
(ead »
jubati of Pliny, natives ot Germany, but which might. have been common to the ton tinent, and our ifland, Szbbald fays, that in his time a wild white breed was found in the Scottifo hills; but differ’d not in form from ‘the common kind. Tame black cattle, in the ifle of Canay, havé ftill thin ftaring manes along the top of their backs, which reach from the neck up part of the tail.
S -H-E E P,
Br. Zool: I. 22. -Sya. quad. No. 8. . . Er. Ram Reithe. Ewe Caoro. Lamb ian, yearling aiff.
OUND iin all parts; fearcer in the North, as-the violent rains difagree with them: the fleeces.of thofe in the ifland of Jura remarkably fine, otherwife in general coarfe: the beft in the South: the wool fold into the cloathing parts of York/bire: Multitudes of fheep reared in E/R-Dale, and the other Dales: are a great article of com- merce: mtch cheefe made from their milk : in general their faces and legs black; their teeth in fome places, as Boethius truly fays;, of a.gold color ;. that is to fay covered with a yellow pyritical cruft: I never happened to meet with this accident in fheep, but have in thofe of oxen feeding in certain meadows
in Bloir-Athal. B 2 7 The
* ¢, Demeftic.
((39a) 9 The great horned fheep of St. Kilda, men- tioned by Boetbius, may have been the Musimon, Syuz. quad. No. 11.
GS iMod «fF
pomstty Goat, Br. Zool. I. 29, iv. tab. 99. Spyz. quad. ?.
Er. He, Bots Gaibhre. She, Gabbar. Kid, meann.
ERDS of thefe animals common in
the highlands and iflands: cultivated for their milk: invalids refort to Dunkeld, and other places, in Summer, for the fake of drinking it medicinally : cheefe often made of it: the ‘kins an article of com- merce: the flefh, in fome of the ifles, falted for Winter provifion.
By Bair.
Stag, Br. Zool, 1, 34. Syn. quad. No. 38. Er, Damh-feidh. hind, Eikd, agh. calf. Laoghe
OUND in a ftate of nature over all the Highlands, and in great herds: inhabits alfo the ifles of Arran, Fura, Mull, Rum, Skie, Harris and Lewis. Often grows to a ereat fize: I have heard of one, killed in
- Braemar, that weighed 18 ft. Scotch. Is the
principal venifon of the Highlands ; lefs coarfe.. thaa
ve Roe. m
8. Fallow.
oe) than thofe confin’d in parks in S. Britain. Is very deftructive to corn: in Ske the far- mer is obliged to watch his crop. The Duke of Argyle has, in fome parts of his eftate, humanely permitted the tenant to deftroy an animal fo noxious to his labors.
Roe, Br. Zool. 1. 39. Syn. quad. No. 43. Er, Boc-earba: doe, Maoilfeach, young, meann. yearling,
minnfeach.
OUND in plenty from the wooded banks of Lough-Lomond, to the foreft near Langwall in the S. of Cathnefs, in Mull and in Skie. The fkin and horns articles of commerce. Brouze much: fond of the rudus Jaxatilis, called in Scotland the roe-buck-berry. The fawns, when taken, are with great difh- culty reared, eight out of ten dying.
Fallow deer, Br. Zool. I. 34. Sya. quad. No, 37.
ONE wild in Scotland; confin’d to parks, and not common : probably introduced there from Denmark by Fames V1, in his return from his vifit to that court in 1589; for Moy/es, a fervant of his, mentions in his memoirs, under the year 1586, that his majefty one morning paffed over from Leith to Falkland, and had along with him a tame fallow deer, prefented to him by > 24 the
“¢ g. Common.
« @ } Queen of England: a proof of its being a great any at that time.
Fei Ge
Br. Zool. }. 41. Syn. quad. No. 5 Er. r. Boar, Torc. Sow, Muc. Pig, "Uircein
CARCE in the highlands and iflands,
from the difficulty of rearing them, by reafon of the want of acorns in one part of the year, and grains from brewings, and of other food, “ale reft. Are detefted by highlanders:: in the North moftly cultivated in “Cathnels ; a fimall fierce race, wath long pricked ears, high backs, long briftles, pir flender nofes : in that open country are te- thered in every field. Much bacon exported out of that county ;. alfo from the Orkuies.
tf. DIGITATED QUADRUPEDS.
76) Faithful.
rig ea aa me
Beret & Er. Dog Madagh Cx: Bitch Galledh. Whelp Cuilean,
a ie more fingular varieties found in Scotland, are the
HighlandGre-bound ; now rare: is large, ftrong, deep chefted, and covered with very long:
Se a a PR |
i, Fox,
CaF <2
Jong and rough hair: was in great vogue in old times, and ufed in great numbers by the chieftains in their magnificent huntings. Js the kind Boethius calls, genus venaticum cum celerrimum, tam audacifimum. Er. mial-chu. Terrier. ‘The breed in the ifle of Skze par-
ticularly good: much ‘encouraged in moft
parts, for the deftruction of foxes. Er, Abbagz. AD)
Blood-hound. Now in difufe; formerly much cultivated, efpecially on the borders, where it gave furprizing inftances of its faga- city, purfuing and detecting robbers and mur- derers, even after a hide of feveral miles, Inhabitants on the Ezglifh borders were bound to. keep fo many dogs of this kind in every diftrict. They were called Slough or
_ Slothe hounds, from their following the flot
or track of men or cattle.
Br. Zool. J. 58, 3d e7. No. 11. Syn. quad. No, v1 Er. Sionnach, Balgeire. WARMS in many parts of the high- lands : fo deftructive to fheep as to oblige the farmer to houfe them at night ; will kil even goats. Are not to be extirpated, by eal ‘of the vaft rocks and mountains, None | in the Orkney or Shetlond ifles, nor in any of a Hebrides, € eeccpt Ski.
Ne iz Tame.
* Wild.
13. Common.
* 14. Fitchet.
OR Ane,
C epAcilsT, Domeftic Cat, Br. Zool. I. 45, E. Pifeag.
Ultivated every where. In fuperftitious
days the favorite form affum’d by witches. Vide witches of Ihurfo, Tour in Scotland.
Br. Zool. 1. 47. Syn. quad. No. 133. Er. Cat-fhiadhaich.
BOUNDS in all parts of the highlands, and in fome of the ifles. Moft de- ftructive to game.
BA SDsaG Bo RK
Br. Zool. 1. 64, iv. tab. 100, Syn. quad. No. 142. Er. Broc.
OUND in feveral parts of Scotland 5 none in the iflands.
A aie Wage oad. aa ee Oe
Br. Zool,I. 77. Syu. quad. No. 152. Er. Foclan
Nhabits moft parts of the main land, and the ifle of Buze.
15. Pine-martin.
15. Pine-mar- tin.
iy Mectrick,
td 17. Stoat.
* 18. Weefel.
cy
‘Br. Zool. 1. 81. Er. Taghan.
HIS fpecies is found in the pine-forefts, and takes poffeffion of the holes made by woodpeckers. Is diftinguifhed from the
other by it’s yellow throat, and hav.ng the
fineft fur.
Martin, Br. Zool. I. 79. 34 ed. No. 15, Syn. quad. No. 154.
Lipo in many parts of Scotland ; and,
according to Marsin, in Harris.
Br. Zool. 1. 84, iv. tab, 101. Syn. quad. No. 151.
OMMON in Scotland. In the highlands commonly turns white, or becomes in the Winter an Ermine. Inhabits alfo Z/ay,
per:aps other ifles.
vw
Br. Zool. I. 82, iv. tab. 101. Syn. quad. No. 150 Whitred, Lib. Scot. 11. Er. Neas.
Saw it in a white ftate in the ifle of I/ay: a common accident in Sweden, where it is called Szomus.
OT TER,
# 49. Otter.
¥ 20, Commos..
cern )
© «lk .& «BR.
Br. Zoal. I. 67, iv., tab. 100. Syn. quad. No. '73. Er. Doran, Dir-chu, madagh.donn. ~YERY common in Scotland ; abounds. in the Hebrides, the Orknies, and in Shetland; in the laft are called Tikes. A fmall trade is carried on with their fkins, which are fold from, 4s. to 6s. a-piece. Sibbald * fpeaks of a great kind, which he calls the fea-otter ; and fays is larger, and has rougher fur than the other: probably only a variety ; perhaps the Latax of Avi- frotle. Vide Br. Zool. 1. 69.,
He A Re Bh
Br. Zool. I. 87. Syn. quad. No. 184. Er. maigheach, Gearr-fbiadh..
REQUENT in all parts of Scotland’: Lt found in the ifle of Bute: none in Arran : in the ifle of J/ay a fmall: fort, dark colored, and a bad runner. The other iflands de- ftitute of hares.
. if, Fife, 49,
21 Alpine.
m. Alpine.
_ 52 Rabbet.
Four in Scotland, 2d ed. Ph. Tr. 4, Vil. p. 343. Syn quad. yg ch gheal, maigheach mbonai.
Nhabits the fummuts of the higheft high-
‘land hills, along with the Ptarmigans. Is lefs than the common.hare, of a greyer color, or lefs ferruginous: a bad runner ; often ftops fuddenly in the midft of its courfe : when purfued fhelters beneath the loofe ftones, or in clifts of rocks: never de-. fcends into the plains, or mixes with the common-hare, which is frequent at the bot- toms of the fame hills. In Winter turns white, the tips of the ears excepted; in Spring refumes it’s grey color: the ears fhorter, the hind feet longer, in proportion, than thofe of the common hare: the hair much longer and thicker than in the latter, to protect it againft the feverity of the cold.
No.
Br. Zoal. ; gO. iv. tab. 47, 3d ed. No. 22, Syn. quad, Er. ph )
Nhahits all the iflands, even the rock of Ailfa: found in the Orkuies in myriads. They caufe great fhifting of the fands, by burrowing in them; but the value of their fkins (a great article ot commerce there) fearce counterbalances the damage. This,
animal,
23. Common,
24
. Black,
cat . Brown,
. Water.
* . Moufe.
( 12.)
animal, the otter, brown rat, moufe, fetid-
fhrew, and feal, are the only quadrupeds of _
the Orknies, except the domettic.
SO dik Ree Ob.
Br. Zool. 1. 93. Syn. quad. No. 206. Er. Feorag.
CARCE in Scotland: a few in the woods of Strath/pey. |
R A T. Br. Zool. 1. 97. Syn. quad. No. 226. Er. Radan,
Nterdicted Sutherland; but fwarms in Cathnefs. and Rofsfoire.. Vide Tour in S¢éotland. aa
!
Norway rat, Br. Zool. I. gg. Syn. quad. Ne. 227.
Ntroduced here within thele 60 years: place uncertain, found as far as the Ork-
nies.
Br. Zool. 1. 101. Syn. quad. No. 228.
Br. Zool. I. 105, iv. tab. 102. Syn. quad. No. 229. Er. Luch-Thighe,
28 Short-tailed
*
28.Short-tail- ed Moule. ;
29. F ield-M.
30. Feetid.
Me 31. Water.
* 32. European.
33. Common.
(733) )
Br. Zool. I. 104. Syn. quad. No. 233.
Er. Luch-mbonaidb, Br, Zool. 1. 103. Syn. quad. No. 230.
s+ HaR E,W.
Br. Zool. 1. 112. Syn. quad. No. 235- Er. Dallag an fhrasich.
Br. Zool. iv. tab. 102. Syn. quad. No. 236.
Er. Luch-uifque.
AVELLAN of fome places: fuppofed to be noxious to cattle, |
M rot, . E,
Br. Zool. 1. 108. Syn. quad. No. 241. Er. Famb, Uir-reathabh.
MONG the ifles only in Bute: a praife to it’s foil.
me Go Ey eee
Br. Zool. 1. 106. Sya. quad. No. 247.
Er. Graineog.
N innocent animal; fhould be freed from perfecution. Not -found be- yond
(‘44 ) yond the Tay; perhaps fot beyond the Forth,
II]. PINNATED QUADRUPEDS. BE A bs | 34. Great. Syn. quad. Now 266.
| BOUT thé rock Hier, and other d°X parts of the Scotti~h coatt.
3, Commbits Br. Zool. 1. 715 iv.tab. 48. Syn. quad. No. 26s: Er.-Ron.
WARM amidft the ifles and ali the coatts. In fome places the fkins and
oil an article of commerce. The Watrws, “Syn. quad. No, 263, mentioned by Sibbald, among the Scottifh animals, is now unknown.
IV. WINGED QUADRUPEDS. ees
Br. Zool. 1. 114. Sym. quad. No. 291- slic ah ak Er. Atag, Dialtag.
37. Long-eared..
("*15/.)
47 Long-ear'd Br. Zool, 1. 116, iv. tab. 103. Syn. qdad. No. 292%
‘EXTINCT QUADRUPEDS,
Pp OLF, madagh alluidb, a peft to the
flocks in N. Britain in Fames VIth’s
time: the laft killed about the year 1680. Br. Zool, I. 61.
BLAR ; Caledonian bears exported to Rome on account of their fuperior fiercenefs*. They continued in Scotland ’till A. D. 10875 when Malcolm Ill. permitted a Gordon to carry three bears heads in his banner, for his -prowefs in deftroying one that made great ravages in the country, —
* Br. Zool. I. 63.
CLASS
5 38. Black.Ea- gle.
(16 )
CLASS I. BIRDS.
Div. I LAND-BIRDS.
eM RAP ACEO U S,
ME A! TC ON, Ringtail Eagle, Br. Zool. I. 124. Er. Foluir-dhubh.
OST deftructive to deer, white hares, and ptarmigans: has almoft deftroyed the deer of the ifle of Rum. In Runnoch eagles were, a few years ago, fo very nume- rous, that the commiffioners of the forfeited eftates offered a reward of five fhillings for every one that was deftroyed: ina little time fuch numbers were brought in, that the Ho- nourable Board reduced the premium to three fhillings and fixpence: but an advance in proportion as thefe birds grew {carcer, might in time perhaps effected their extirpation. Ravens and hooded-crows are the jackals to eagles: the croak of the raven, or the aflemblage of the crows about a carcafs, is certain of bringing an eagle to the fpot, as the perfons who fhoot thofe birds for fake of the rewards teftify.
39. Sea-E.
Gz fer te BOC»
Ww SS S Ni
°7-4 Masel «cre
rae
39 Sea-E.
A t oe
40 Cinereous E :
Of prey.
4t Gyr-falcon
* 42 Peregrine~ falcon.
43, Gentil-f.
ae a Br. Zool. 1. 126, iv. tab. 61.
REEDS in ruined towers in the iflands of the lakes ? deferts them in Winter,
Erne, Br. Zool. 1% 131, tab. ili, |
N the Orknies is a kind with only the root of the tail white: perhaps a young bird.
Br. Zool. 1.128. Er. Foluir’ -uifp’. Br. Zool, I. 136, tab. iv.
Br. Zool. 1..136, iv. tab. 52.
A Trained bird of this fpecies, with beils, ~~ and filver rings to the taffels, infcribed Kilrie Angusfbire, was taken near my houfe, Sept. 26, 1772, about ten o’clock in the morning ; and-which eloped from it’s mafter the 24th of the fame month.
Br. Zool.iv. tab i. ii.
REEDS in the rocks near [nvercauid, and in Glen-more. Trained for the chafe.
A. Animals marked thus ¢ are alfo found in the Orédwies: C 44. Gofhawk.
44 Coimawk.
, & 45 Kite.
€ 46 Common- Buzzard.
47 Moor-B.
« T 48 Hen-har- rier.
49 Keftril. 50 Hobby. *
51 Sparrow- awk.
a §2 Merlin.
53 Eagle.
ee ge
Br. Zool. 1. 140. tab. v« : gape in the forefts of Invercauld.
Br. Zool. 1.141. Er, Clamhan gabhlach, Croman-lochat. Br. Zool. I, 143, iv. tabs 53. Er. An Clamban. Br. Zool. I. 146, iv. tab.5. Bog Gled Sibbald,
Br. Zool. 1.147. Er. An t eunfionn. Hen-harrier, or fem. Bréad-air-toin.
Br. Zool. I. 149. Br. Zool, I. 150. Br. Zool. I. 151. Er. Speir-fheog.
Br, Zool. I. 153.
ON” WV ee 1: tared.
Br. Zool. iv. 10, tab. 6. FAS been ‘fhot in Fifefire: perhaps a migrant from Norway. 54 Long-eared.
~ 54 Long-ear’d
55 Short-car’d
56 White.
+
57 Brown.
58 Tawny.
59 Great.
Eo Ce
B. Zool. I. 155. i bo the mainland; and alfo in the Orknies,
Br. Zool. I 156.
cytes feen in Scotland, breeding in the heath : obferved there by Mr. Lee,
nurferyman at Hammerfmith,
* * With plain heads,
Br. Zool. I. 157. Er. Cailleach oi’ che gheal.
Br. Zool. I. 159. Er. Cumbachag cailleach oi che, coileach oi’ che,
boon, wanna alfo in the hills of Hoy, in the Orknies ?
Br. Zool. I. 158.
Could not learn that any fpecies of owl was known in the Hedrides, or in Weft
Rofsfbire.
Steck Bok.
Br. Zool. 1. 161, iv. tab. 7.
C32 Il. PIES.
*
60 Raven,
61 Crow.
62 Rook.
« t 63 Hooded.
Ms inst Rac My pe, Se COR Oe
Br. Zool. I. 166. Er. Fitheach.
Br. Zool. 1. 167, iv. tab. 54+
Br. Zool: I. 168.
Er. Creumhach, Rocus.
Br. Zool. I. 169. Er. Feannag.
psi in Scotland the whole year: the
only fpecies.in the iflands, and great part of the highlands: grows fcarcer the nearer we approach the South: keeps in pairs, except for fometime after the breeding feafon: is moft affectionate to its mate: one that had been fhot was hung by the legs in a
tree not remote from the neft,; it’s compa-
nion, after a fhort abfence, returned, and perching over the dead body, obferved it at- tentively, as if expecting it’s revival ; at length, in a windy day, the corps being put in motion, and fometimes fwung quite hori- zontal, the furviving bird, deceived by the motion, defcended to it, kept fluttering by
it
f
PW.
P Marl voudp.
Ee
( 2h) it for a confiderable time, endeavouring to affift in it’s releafe, uttering a melancholy fcream; “till finding all it’s attempts in vain,
at length retired, without ever returning to - it’s ufual haunts.
#
64 Magpie. Br. Zool. I. 173.
“gg Er. Pioghaid, 6s Jay. Br. Zool. I, 172.
a Er. Scriachag-choille.
yen Br. Zool. I iv. tab
r, 200. ke 175, IV. tab. $4.
66 Jackdaw. Er, Cathag. 5>
+ 67 Red-leg’d Br, Zool. 1. 197, iv. tab. 58.
Er. Cathag dhearg-chafach.
ou eee: OO ©.
¢ 68 Cuckoo. Br. Zool. 1. 182, iv. tab. 55. Er. Cuthag, Cuach.
WR YY MEIC oR. 69 Wryneck. Br, Zool. }. 181. iv. tab. 56.
WiOODPE CK E R.
70 Green. Br. Zool. 1. 176. Er, Lafair choille.
c 71 Great-fpottede
91 Great- {potted
72 Lefs-f{pot- ted.
73 Kingfither
74 Hoopoe,
75 Creeper,
“6 Great.
¥ 377 Black.
(See?) By. Zool. I. 178.
By. Zool. I. 180. iv. tab. 12.
KING EPS he eK.
Br. Zool. I. 187. iv. tab. 56.
fy Bk GANG. O Sib catty & PR
Br. Zool. I. 195. iv. tab. 57.
CR a BP ae RR
Br. Zool. I. 193. iv. tab. 57.
II. GALLINACEOUS,.
Gy) RDO. &.
Cock of the Wood, Br. Zool. I. 199.
Er. Capul coille.
Beoy in the forefts N. of Loch-ne/s, but rarely: once frequent in moft of
the highland fir-woods.
Black Coek, 8r. Zool. I. 201. Er, male, coileach dubh, fem. Liath-cheare.
Grous, Br. Zool. I. 204. iv. tab. 13. Er, male, coileach ruagh. fem. Cearc-fhraoich.
C's 79 Ptarmigan.
I I
-
Ea
79 Ptarmigan
* 80 Partridge.
81 Quail.
*
82 Common.
Ci ze )
Br. Zool. 1. 206. iv. tab. 13.
Er. TVarmachan, Tarmonach.
Br. Zool. 1..208. Er. coleach-tomain, fem. Ceare-thomain.
Br. Zool. 1. 209.
S| ea buftard, according to Boethius, was fometimes, but rarely, found in the Merch; and at that time called Guffarde : it feems at prefent unknown in N. Britain. Poultry are found plentifully in moft of the iflands: peacocks fucceed very well, as I obferved in Collon/a.
Oy Gr ee ee ee ie
PT GeetkoOsN,
Br. Zcol. I. 216. iv. tab. 8.
Er. Caluman. ERY numerous in a wild ftate in the cliffs, impending over the fea, in many of the ifles. In day I have feen their dung got with vaft hazard out of the deep chaims on the Weft fide of the ifland, by means of
a perfon who is Jowered down to the bottom by
( 24 ) by a rope. The dung lies many feet thick, is drawn up and ufed fuccefsfully as a ma- nure, |
83 Ring-dove Br. Zool. I. 221. : Er. Smudan, caluman-fiadbaich.
VP A 8 Soi R Nae
ShbRw AR TE.
« T 84 Stare. Br. Zool. 1. 231. iv. tab. 61. Er. Druit.
REED in great numbers in the cliffs of =“ Arran, and other ifles.
TE ih Salt 85 Miffel. Br. Zool. 1. 223.
86 Fieldfare. Br. Zool. 225. Er. Liatrui/g.
| facia fieldfare nor redwing breed in Scotland ; rarely feen in the ifles: come accidentally to the Orkuies.
+ 87 Throfte. Br. Zool. I, 226. Er. Smeorach. ,
88 Redwing
88 Redwing.
T %9 Blackbird,
* ~ 90 Ring-ouzel
gt Water- ouzel.
92 Bohemian.
63 Pine.
94 Crofsbill.
( 25 )
Br. Zool. 1. 227.
Br. Zool. 1. 228, iv. tab. 60. Er. Lou-dubh.
7 rat Variety about Killin, with a black bill.
Br, Zool. 1. 229, iv. tab. 61. Er. Dubh-chraige.
Br. Zool. 1. 230. Er. Gcbh’-ui/g, Gobha-dubb.
Ce AT) ERB RB.
Br. Zool. 1. 173.
V! SITS annually the neighborhood of Edinburgh during Winter, and feeds on the berries of the mountain-afh. Difappears in Spring.
Chek. i, See ak os Be Br. Zool. iv. iv. tab. 64.
b keg elit the great pine-forefts of Aberdeen- Shire. Br. Zool. 1. 279. iv. eab. 64.
gs Bull-finch.
95 Bull-finch.
o6. Green.
at
97 Common.
% 98 Yellow
99 Reed.
too Snow.
( 26 )
Br. Zool. I. 299 Er. corcan coille, Deargan fracich,
Greenfinch, Br. Zool. I. 301. Er. Glai/cun-darach.
bw ON aT aN 7
Br. Zool. 1. 318. Er. Gealag bbuachair.
Yellow-Hammer, Br. Zool. I. 319. iv. tab. 11. Er. Buidheag-thealai.
Reed-Sparrow, Br. Zool.1. 320.
Snowfleck, Br. Zool. iv. tab. 11. Er. Eun-an-t-/neachdai. me Few breed on the fummits of the higheft. mountains; but the ereateft part mi- grate from the N. appear firit in the Orknies, thence reach Cathne/s, but frequently num- bers fall wearied into the fhips that are paf- fing the Pentiand-Firth. Arrive very lean, but foon fatten: they probably come from Spitzbergen, Greenland ‘and Iceland, forced from thence by the Winter: and they are, in Scotland, obferved to precede hard weather.
FINCH.
Uae Meld inch
see Chafinch
103 Bramb- ling.
104 Sparrow.
105 Linnet.
106 Red- headed.
107 Leffer- red-headed.
108 Morntain
109 Spotted.
+t 110 Sky.
B+ Ky Ni aH. Br. Zool. 1. 303-
Br. Zool. I. 306. Er. Bricean-beatha.
Br. Zool. 307.
Br. Zool, J. 300. iv. tab. 65. Er. Gealbhan.
ib the Orkuies infeft the corn by thoufands,
Br. Zool. Y. 311.
Br. Zool, 1. 3124 iv. tab. 676
Br. Zool. 1. 313. iv. tab. 67.
Br. Zool. I. 315. iv. tab. 66.
EL Ys OG Ay Otek Rk. Fly-catcher, Br. Zool. I, 264.
Pe. ee ae |
Br. Zool. 1. 233. iv. tab. 62. Er. Uyeag.
111 Wood,
( 28 )
111 Woed. Br. Zool. 1. 236. Er. Kiabhag-choille.
3 112 Tit. Br. Zool. 1.239. Er. Rhiabhag-mhonaidh, Glais-eun.
113 Field. ” Br. Zool. 1. 238.
WAG TAT L.
tf 114 White. Br. Zool, I. 275. iv. tab. 62. Er. Breac-an-t-fil,
ta Yellow. Br. Zool. I, 276. iv. tab. 62. 116 Grey. Br. Zool. J. 277.
OR eV ee, Boe
* With tails of one color.
117 Redftart. Br. Zool. Il. 259. Er. Ceann-dearg.
Selo ed’ Br. Zool: Il. 260. breaft. Er. Broinn-dearg. 119 Black-cap Br, Zool. Tl, 262.
120 Hedge-
i20 Hedge.
we i2z1 Yellow.
‘ae Golden - crefted.
«eT 123 Wren.
124 Sedge.
J 12¢ Wheat- °er
1 A Hedge-{parrow, Br. Zool. Te 265.
Br. Zook W266
Me Latham, of Dartford, in Kent,
fhewed,me a fmall bird, fhot in the highlands ; perhaps only a variety of this fpecies: front and underfide a fine pale yel- low ; wings of a yellowifh white ; back and tail pale brown.
Golden crefted wren, Br. Zool. Il. 267.
gYOntinues about Edinburgh throughout
the year: croffes annually to the Shet- land ifles in Summer; breeds, and returns before Winter: a long flight for fo fmall a bird, the Orkmies, the neareft land, being fixty miles diftant. —
Br. Zool, Il. 268. Er. Dreathann. |
Willow lark, Br. Zool. II. 241. iv. tad. x.
** With tails of two colors.
Br. Zool. II, 269.
iz6 Winchet.
125 Winchet.
we 127 Stone- chat.
128 White- throat.
129 Great. 130 Blue.
131 Cole.
132 Long- tailed.
t 133 Houfe.
134 Martin. —
T 135 Sand.
CBO
Br. Zool. Il. 271.
Br. Zool. Il. 272. Er. Cloichearan.
Br: Zool. I. 274+
PS OE RS OR IM we Br. Zool. U1. 324. iv. tab. 68.
Br. Zool. Wl. 325. iv. tab. 68.
Br. Zool. Il. 326. iv. tab. 68. Er. Cailcheag cheann dubb.
Br. Zool. Ul. 327.
BAY Aa ay ies
Br. Zool. Wl. 242. iv. tab. g. Er. Gobhlan-gaoithe.
Br. Zool. Ul. 243.
Br. Zool. Wi. 244. Er. Gobblan-gainbhich.
136 Swift.
( "9ar 7)
136 Swift. Br. Zool. Il. 245. iv. tab. ge
G,Ox4 WPnS.DiC-K-E R.
137 Goat- Br. Zool. Il. 246. iv. tab. 63. fucker. EEN as far North as the banks of Locb- MALL.
Div. I. WATER-FOWL.
Ww A DO BR. S. Fe Eh UR ON,
« T 138 Common. Br. Zool. Il. 339. fem. 340. tad. vi. Er. Corra-riathach. Corra-ghlas.
REAT numbers breed in the ifland in Loch-Guirm, in Ilay,
139 Bittern. Br. Zool. Ul. 342. Er. Bubaires
oer ie ky cB
* t ; ete Curlew 140, Br. Zool. I. 346. tab. vilie Er. Gutlbcanach. in Scotch, whaps.
141 Whimbrel ,
Ce. ty
141 Whim- Br. Zool. Ul. 347. iv, tab. 40.
brel. | BA peag te in the heath of the highland A hills, near Lnvercauld.
By ly Bade
« T . 142 Wood- Br. Zool. V1. 348. iv. tab. 14. | cock. Er. Coilleach-coille, Crom-nan- duilleag.
ieee birds appear in flights on the E. coafts of Scotland, about the end of Offober, and fometimes fooner ; if fooner it is a certain fien of the Winter being early and fevere; if later, that the beginning of the Winter will be mild. Woodcocks make a very fhort ftay on the E. coafts, owing to their being deftitute of wood; but fome of them refort to the moors. They continue arriving in fucceffion for near a month, and in every county in Scotland (where they are
found) fly regularly from Eaft to Weft. Appear about Taymouth, which is pretty . central, in the beginning or middle of No-~ vember, continue there in plenty till the middie or latter end of March, according to the mildnefs or rigor of the feafon, and then difappear at once. They do not reach the coatts of Nether-Lorn, the Weft coaft of Ar- - gylefbire, “till December or January. Wood- cocks are very rarely feen in Cathnefs; they | feem
3a 3 feem to gradually decline in numbers towards the N. and N. Weft: are uncommon in the ifle of Lewis; and Mr. Low acquaints me, that they are fo fcarce in the Orknies, that he does not remember that above one or two have been fhot there. It, does not appear that they breed in any part of North-Britain.
43 Red thanks Br, Zool. II. 368. iv. tab. 14.
2 ae bi bag Snipe. Br. Zool. Il. 358. iv. tab. 71. Er, Eun-ghurag, Croman-Loin, mentan-aidbir.
145 Jack Br. Zool. Il. 359: iv. tab. 714
Oy ene Hil paws pg,
+t 146 Lapwing. Br. Zool. IT. 360.
Er, Curcag, adharean-luachrach,
147 Grey. | Grey Plover, Br. Zool. II. 362. i48 Knot. Br. Zool. II. 366. 149 Ath-co- : Br. Zool. Il. 367. lor’d. 170 Red? Br. Zool. iv. tab. 72. This perhaps a young bid, of va- z riety?
Rik flender, and black : head, back, leffer
coverts of the wings, and the {fcapulars, toe | | dull
act Turn- ftone.
« T : 152 Hebridal
{53 Commoa:
C 34 ) dull ferruginous, fpotted with black : the greater coverts tipt with white: quil feathers dufky, exterior edge of fome of them white: breaft reddith ‘brown, mixed with dufky: belly and vent white: tail cinereous: two
middle feathers the largeft : legs black.
Communicated by the late Doctor David Skene, of Aberdeen.
Br. Zoot. Il. 370.
Tringa interpres. Lin. fyft. 248. Faun. fuec. No. 178, dw. 141. @IZE of a thrufh: forehead, throat and belly white: breaft black: neck fur- rounded with a black collar; from thence another bounds the fides of the neck, and paffes over the forehead: head, and lower part of the neck behind, white; the firft ftreaked with dufky lines: back ferruginous, mixed with black: coverts of the tail white, crofled with a black bar: tail black, tipre with white: coverts of the wings cinereous brown; the lower order edged with white : primaries and fecondaries black ; the ends of the laft white: tertials ferruginous and black : legs rather fhort, and of a full orange.
Br. Zool. WI. 373. 154 Duanlin.
: | E.G:
ee yf he a ee Le, ele An S48.
toed, ‘ Ve indis “07, INO 152.
Coe « Ged filler da . ; LPM awl a
“ ~— : Pr ee
~~
‘
‘ ¥ % . - ee. * ‘
S SS
Maser Uprigittes del. caf Pats
#54 Dunlin,
* 155 Purre, |
ar 156 Green.
1o7 Long- sy
158 Dottrel,
a 159 Collar’d.
fT 160 Pied;
161 Water,
erga J
Br. Zool. II. 374. Br. Zool. II. 374. iv. tab. 16,
Pi tc O .V.E R:
Br. Zool. II. 379. iv. tab. 72. Er. Feadag.
1hEELs on all the heathy hills of the iflands and highlands.
Br. Zool. Il. 380. Sib, bit. Scot. lib, IIL. 18. tab. xi. xiii.
Br. Zool. Il. 381. iv. tab. 73, Er, Amadan-mointich,
os on feveral of the highland hills,
= Lark. Br. Zool. II. 383. tr, Trileachan-tfaighe.
OYSTERCATCHER.
Br. Zool, I. 376: Er. Gille-bride. BAT Ls
‘Br. Zool, I. 385. iv. tab. 74, D 3 | GALLE
€ 36 )
GALE. TS UO Ls.
« T 162 Crake. Land-rail, Br. Zool. 11. 387. iv. tab. 74. Er. Gearradb-gort, Treun-re-Treum.
163 Common Water-hen, Br. Zool. II. 388. ix. tab. 76.
VIL PINNATED FEET. PH L AR O- P E.
+ 164 Grey. Br. Zool. Il. 390. iv. tab. 75+
T 165 Red. Br. Zool. 11. 391. iv. tab. 75- | ephaa thefe fpecies are fuppofed to breed in the Orknies, having been fhot there in the Summer.
CE veo Oy oT,
166 Common Br. Zool. 1. 392. iv. tab. 76.
167 Great. Br. Zool. I. 393-
ft. Bae BR,
168 Geneva. Grebe, Br. Zool. II. 395. iv. tab. 176
| oh {kin of great value for the making of
muffs and tippets. aog Eared.
169 Eared.
- 170 Dufky.
171 Little.
172 Black- chinned.
173 Great..
Oe
Leffer-crefted Grebe, Br. Zo0l. Il. 396, iv. fab. 77- White and dufky Grebe, Br. Zool. Il. 397» 1V. tab. 176
Br. Zool. IL. 398. Er. Spag-re-tott.
Br. Zool. iv. tab. 77+
ARGER than the laft : upper part of the body brown: chin marked with a large black fpot: neck ferruginous : the hind part mottled with dufky feathers: belly afh-co- lor’d and filvery.
VHI. WEB-FOOTED. Ao Be
Br. Zool. 11. 40%. iv. tab. 18. Martin’s St. Kilda 27. Ma- cauley's 150»
Ometimes vifits St. Kilda’s, and breeds “Y there; not a regular migrant. Called there Gair-fow!,, from Geyr-fugl, the name it is known by in Iceland, where they are com- mon; from whence, or from Norway, they may probably wander. ©
Dseovwon of 174 Razorabild
« + 174Razor-bill
175 Black- billed.
« T 176 Puffin.
177 Little.
178Guillemot
G38 29
Br. Zool. Ul. 403, iv. tad. 19. Er. Coltraiche. .
Br. Zool. I. 404.
Br. Zool, I. 405. Er. Fachach, Tom-noddy in the Orkwies.
Br. Zool. II, 406, iv. tab. 19.
G.U' I CL“ &*M oO Tf.
Br. Zool. Il. 410, fir. Gearadb-breac, Eun-dubh-a’-chrilain.
HESE birds, and the razor-bills, are
taken in great numbers in the more diftant rocks of the Hebrides, for fake of their feathers, which are fold for fix or feven fhillings per ftone: their eggs are alfo a great article of food, attained with vaft hazard, either by climbing, or by being fufpended by a. rope from above, at a ftupendous height over a raging fea. “This is a method common to moft of the maritime northern nations: Pontoppidan, in his hiftory of
Norway, and Claufon, in his account of
the fame country, give amazing accounts of the manner in which the inhabitants obtain their ovarious food. In like way
the natives of the Hebrides annually rifque their
¥ 379 Leffer,
« t r80 Black.
* 181 Northern
( a9")
their necks in fearch of provifion for their children and families : whereas in feveral parts multitudes are reduced to the neceffity of watching the recefs of the tides to p:ck up a f{canty pittance of fhell fith, their daily fuftenance at certain feafons; deftitute of meal to give confiftence to their water, or a little milk for their perifhing babes !
Br. Zool. Ait. iv. tab. 20.
pe fpecies, and the black-bill’d auk, No. 175, appear in the Firth of Forth,
in OGober, in flocks innumerable, purfuing the fprats. Both kinds are called there
Morots.
Br. Zool. II. 412. iv. tab. 20. Er. Calltag. ‘Tyfte in the Orkwies.
;
ee oS ell aa
Br. Zool. AT. 413. Er. Bur-bhuachaill.
“THE herdfmen of the fea, for the cre- dulous believe that it never quits that —
element.
182 Imber.
(ge 2
* : ¥82 Imber. Gefner’s great Doucker, Wil. ori. 3.42. Raii. fyn. av, 126, Colymbus Immer. Lin f/t, 222, Kxmber-goole of the Ork- 105, Eppes than a goofe; upper part of the body and wings dufky : the feathers edged with cinereous : belly filvery grey, 183 Speckled. Br. Foal, TH. 414. Er. Fur -bkuachaill. + . oe f 184 Red- Br. Zool. II. 415. iv. tab. 21. throated, 185 Black- Br. Zool. Il. 415. iv. tab. 20. throated. A Diftiné fpecies from the former; but , fuppoled in the Br. Zaol. to have been m. and f, Bia ein, 2, Le * " + > b , 186 Blackiey Br. Zool. II. 416. ™* mi X 187 Skua. Br, Zool. H1. 417, 5 | 1 Pee AED aria to 188 Arctic. Br, Zool. Il. 420. Iv. tab. 22.
Er. Fafgadair.
BRee=Ss in the heath on the hills of Fura and Rum: flies about like a. lapwing when,
Vv P40
eM oes a Gof b | - G Y pry fhe: alate WP atonal Atensfh
a
: :
« t 18g Herring. 190 Wagel. 191 Winter. %
19z Common
“oe 193 Kittiwake
194 Black- “headed.
ye
T 195 Great.
« t 196 Lefs.
( 4t )) when difturbed, and foon alights. Comes to the Orknies in May , difappears in Augu/t.
Br. Zool. TW. 421, 4v. tab. 79.
Br. Zool, Il. 422, iv. tab. 79. Br. Zool. II. 423. iv. tab. 80. Br. Zool. II. 424, iv. tab. 23.
Tarrock, Br. Zool. Il. 425. iv. tab. 23. Tour Scotland.
OMMON on mott of the cliffs: affume
when old the colors of the common
cull: when young efteemed by many as a delicacy. Vide Tour in Scotland.
Br. Zool. II. 426.
%
4 E R N.
Br. Zool. II. 428. iv. tab. 81.
Br. Zool. II. 429. iv. tab, 81. Er. Steirizeal.
PETREL.
197 Fulmar.
* 198 Shear. water.
= 199 Stormy.
« T zooGoofander
( ‘42 3)
PoE TOR Boas Br. Zool. W..431. Martin's St. Kilda. 30. iv, tab. 82.
Hae in St. Kelda’s only.
Br. Zoal: I. 433. Lyre of the Oxknies Skrabe of the Feroe iiles. Wil. orn. 438.
Gaus young hichly efteemed as a deli- cacy in the Orknies: are fometimes pickled: their feathers alfo much valued. Are taken in Auguft, on the rocks of Hoy and Edda: burrow in the earth, and lay one.
ege-
Br. Zool. 1X. 434. wv. tab, 82.
REEDS under the loofe {tones on the
little rocky ifles called Macleed’s table, |
&c. off the N. end of Skie. Betrays its re- fidence by its twittering.
MERGANSER. Br. Zool. II. 436.
201 Red-breafted.
/
202 Smew.
203 Red- headed,
ot 204 Wild {wan
205 Tame fwan.
( "43 4
Br. Zool. WU. 437. iv. tab. 83. Er. Sioltaiche.
REEDS among the loofe {tones cn the. fea fhore, and alfo on the fides of frefh- water lakes, far North. ,
Br. Zool. UW. 438.
Br. Zool. Il. 439.
Diogethaug el K,
Br. Zool. IY. 440. Er. Eala.
WILD fwans vifit the Orkuies in flocks ip Offober, and continue dur ng Winter: return North in the Spring, except a very few, which remain and breed in the littie ifles of a frefh water lough in Mainland.
Br. Zool. II. 441. Br. Zool. I. 447. iv. tab. 84.
4 Er, (tame) Geadh. (wild) Muir gheadh.
\ M/ ILD geefe breed in moft of the iffands: in the Lewis are in Autumn fuch a
pett
207 Bernacle.
208 Brent.
~* ie : aog Eider.
tto Velvet.
211 Scoter.
{ 44 ) 3 peft to the corn, that the farmer is obliged to fet boys to guard it from their attacks. Wild geefe are fcarce known even to alight in the Orkwies. ‘Yame geele and ducks very rare in the iflands.
Br. Zool. Il. 451.
Br. Zool. HU. 452. tS not known to breed in Orkney.
Br. Zool. 11.454. Tour Scot. tab. I. Er. Lacha lochlannach, Dunter goofe in the Orkmies. REEDS in Collonfa, Barra, in the Flan- non, and other ifles; alfo in Inch-colm in the Firth of Forth. The down neglected thro’ ignorance of the value: the neft might be robbed twice of the eggs and down, and the bird will repair it’s lofs each time; but they muft be {pared the third. We procure the down from Iceland and Norway, and pay a confiderable price to foreigners for it,
Br. Zool. Il. 456, iv. tab. 85. Br. Zool. Xl. 457.
212 Tufted.
. 45 7
+ 212 Tufted. Br. Zool, Il. 458. Rea the Orkuies in Winter during a N. wind. 213 Scaup. Br. Zool. Ii. 459- 214 Golden- : Br. Zool. Ii. 460. five. fi i Br. Zool. Il. 46 -215 Shieldrake r. £001, Li. 401,
Er. cra-gheadh. Sly goofe in the Orkuies: .
Br. Zool. Il. 462. iv. tab. 24. Er. Lacha-chinn-uaine.
W focive ducks rare in the iflands,
« t 216 Mallard.
217 Shoveler. Br. Zool. II, 466.
t : j 218 Pintail. Br. Zool. II. 468. 219 Swallow- Br. Zool. II. 469. iv. 86. tail. ‘220 Pochard, Br. Zool. Il. 470. 221 Ferrugi- Br. Zool. Il. 471.
ncus, 222 Gadwall.
242 Gadwall. 223 Wigeon. 224 Garganey
225 Teal.
+
ak 226 Common.
# 227 Shag.
4 228 Gannct.
( 46 ) Br. Zool. II. 473- Br. Zoot. Il. 472. Br. Zool. Il. 474: iv. tab. *,
Br. Zool. II. 470, Er. alee
C10; V.0-RAaN TF,
Br. Zool. Il. 476. Er. Ballatre-boan.
Br. Zool. Il. 478. iv: tab. 25. Er. Sgarbh.
Br. Zool. II. 479. Tour Scotl. tab. viii.
Er. Sulaire, ambfain.
LS pee on the Ba/s ifland in the Firth of Forth, the craig of Ail/a, in that:
of Clyde, on the rocks about St. Kilda, and.
a rock called the Stack, neat Soulifkir, ten
Jeacues W. of Hay.
CLASS
RHEKASE
229 Common.
t « 30 Toad. .
* 231 Great,
ae tay
CLASS II. REPTILES.
T 'O ARnatho Gk SS CE,
Have been informed that one had been
taken near the ifle of Co/, but fuppofe it to have been a tortoife that had efcaped out of fome Weft. Indian wreck.
Br. Zool. V1. 3. Er. Loifkain.
| Gua in the Long-Ifland.
Br. Zool. 7. Er. mylvagain.
q babies the woods near Lough-Ranfa, in Arran: 1s double the fize of the com- mon frog: body fquare: belly great: legs fhort : four toes on the fore feet; four and a thumb to the hind feet ; the fecond out- moft. toe the longeft : color above a dirty clive, marked with great black warty fpots, the head alone plain: color beneath whitifh : leaped flowly.
LIZARD.
+ 232 Scaly.
233 Brown,
* . 234 Viper.
b3¢ Aberdeen
( 48 ) if 11k A2R. 0 Br. Zool. II. 13.
Er. Fac-lu-achu-rach.
Br. Zool. Ill. 16. Er. Duirk-luachair, 1. e. obferver of the rufhes.
SR. Ry PO BOON Ee
Br. Zool; UL. 17.
r.
dij HE black viper is very common in the highlands: numbers,of vipers in J/ay, jura, and skie. In fome of the ifles it is {till believed that they fting with their tongues, and do not convey the poifon with the teeth: that the venom dropt on a fword will caufe it to hifs ikke water on hot iron and that a poultice of human ordure is a foverecign remedy for the bite. No fpecies of ferpent in Lewis, or any part of the long ifland. | ?
Anguis Eryx. Lin. ff. 392. Tour Scotland, Appendix.
- ENGTH fifteen inches: tongue broad ~4 and forked: noftrils fmall, round and
placed near the tip of the nofe: eyes lodged in
- 236 Blind.
SNe MMe del da | Wee,
in oblong figures above the angles of thé mouth; had no /cuta, but was entirely co: vered with feales : back and fides of a greyifll brown, with three dufky lines; one extend= ing from the head to the tail; the others, which were broader, reached the whole length of the fides: the belly bluith lead- color; fpotted with white. Difcovered by the late Doétor David Skene; near Aberdeen:
Br. Zool, HI. 25.
i CLASS
237 Common
238 Pike- headed.
239 Fin.
240 Round- lipped.
T 241 Great- headed.
242 Round- headed.
243 High- bead
{ 50 )
CLAS Sadek | Se Divi olieaQE TA CEOUS.,
Wibt Bia tAtieda! * E.
Br. Zool. Ill. 35. Sib. Phalain. 65. Br. Zool. Ul. 40. Sib. Phalain. 68. Br. Zool. Ill. 41.
Br. Zool. II. 42. Sib. Phalain. 78. /
C A UC, AL aoe
Br. Zool. 46. Sib. Phalain. 33.
Br. Zool. Ill. 47. Sib. Phalain. 24
Br. Zool. WN. 47. Sib. Phalain. 43. |
Geen in Loch-Brakadale, in Skie. Ex-
cepting this and the porpeffe, the other {fpecies are inferted on the authority of Sir Robert Sibbald*.
* Vide the new edition of his hiftory of whales, printed for Benjamin White, bookfeller, Fleet-ftreet.
DOLPHIN.
( 5a }
a D460 FE Bokbol Ni 244 Porpeffe: Br. Zool. 52. §.
N great droves in every part of the ™ Northern feas.
24§ Giampus Br. Zool. Il. 54. Sib. Phalain, 18;
Div: Il. CARTILAGINOUS, Dy Acs I deed Ee Ys
Br, Zool. ill. 58. iv. tab. 88.
Er. Creahoule.
OUND from the river Ef, in Efkdale, to the water of Hem/dale, in Sutherland.
Detefted by highlanders:
246 Lamprey
R A Y. T Skaté Br. Zool. WI. 62. ss ili Er. Skeait. t | . By Ley eng 248 Thorn- Br. Zool. III. 69. iv. tab. 27, 28.
back.
249 Fuller. Br. Zool. U1. 66. i PL AKEN in little, Loch-Broom. E 2 CT AR ke
et 250 Picked,
251 Bafking.
SPT OAS UR... K.
Br. Zool. Ill. 77. Er. Doulag, Cun. OUND in great multitudes on the Scottifo coafts; and when dried a great article of food with the common people. Called in Sky the Blind-bive, and is fuppofed to he a great reftorative.
Br. Zool. Wi. 78. Er. Cairban.
HE oreateft of the genus; fometimes
above 36 feet long: the length of one
I found dead near Loch-Ranfa, in Arran,
was 27 f. 4, firft dorfal fin 3, fecond 1, pec-
toral 4, ventral 2 feet long, upper lobe of the tail 5, lower 3.
They appear in the Firth of Clyde, and among the Hebrides, about the month of Fune, in {mall droves of feven or eight, but oftner in pairs; and continue in thofe feas *till the latter end of Fu/y, and then difap- pear: they fwim very deliberately, with the two dorfal fins above water: are very tame, and fearlefs of mankind: will permit a boat to follow them without accelerating their motion, “till it comes almoft within contact,
when
( 53 )
when a harpooneer ftrikes his weapon into the fifh as near to the gills as poffible,; but they are often fo infenfible as not to move till the united ftrength of two men have forced the harpoon deeper: as foon as they perceive themfelves wounded, they fling up their tail and plunge headlong to the bottom; and frequently coil the rope round them in their agonies, attempting to difengage them- felves from the harpoon by rolling on the ground, for it is often found greatly bent: as foon as they difcover their efforts are vain, they fwim away with amazing rapidity, and with fuch violence that a vefiel of 70 tons has been towed by them againft a frefh gale: they fometimes run off with 200 fathoms of line and two harpoons in them, and will find employ to the fifhers for twelve and fome- times twenty-four hours before they are fub- dued : when killed they are either hawled on fhore, or if at a diftance to the veffel’s fide: the liver (the only ufeful part) is taken out, and melted into oil, in kettles provided for that purpofe: a large fifh will yield eight barrels of oi], and two of worthlefs fediment. The commiffioners of the forfeited eftates were at confiderable expence in their en- couragement of this f{pecies of fifhery ; but the perion they confided in moft fhamefully abuted their goodnefs ; fo now it is attempted only by private adventurers.
E3 202 \Bloe.
252 Blue.
+ 2*2 Leffer- Teste
254 Lump.
¥* 255 Jura.
&
256 Longer’
( 54 )
Br. Zool. III. 84.
oe AKEN near Aberdeen,
Leffer dog fith, Br. Zool, IIT. go.
Ca We ae
Br. Zool. III. 103. iv. tab. 29. Er. Murcan.
Lepadogafter, Gouan pife. 177. tab. 1. f. 6. 7. ‘ tee flat : nofe projecting : eyes diftant ;
before each fmall cutaneous appen- dages: on the back a fmall fpace full of minute punctures : the pectoral fins rounded: the ventral fins placed quite beneath; their bafes diftant: near them an oval depreffion, by which it adheres ftrongly to ftones and rocks: the tail rounded : the dorfal and anal fins extending to and adhering to it.
Found in the found of Fura.
ahi Bi | Sabla
Br. Zool. Ill. 106.
Div.
257 Common.
258 Conger.
+
259 Ravenous:
TT 260 Sand.
(. 55 )
Div UL? BON ¥Y. FIs H.
BR On RH GAS ie Fay eo cose,
Br. Zool. III. iii.
Br. Zool, II. 115.
Confiderable trade is carried on from
Falmouth with the Spaniards at Barce- lona in dried congers: perhaps the fame might be done from fome of the Hebrides.
AS ES Sa Br. Zool. Ill, 119. tab. 7.
“p LLED in Edinburgh cat-fifh, and efteemed (what it really is) a very deli- cate fifh.
ern OR ON ee.
Br. Zool, U1..123.
JUGHLAR
? T . 201 Commons
T
262 Torfk. « t
263 Hadock. « tT.
264 Coal.
« t 265 Pollack.
266 Whiting.
et. . 267 Ling.
Ce 5M )
halin Gr Utley 4h One ee
Br. Zool. Ul, 137.
Bee in all the feas, but the fifheries neglected or mifmanaged.
Br. Zool. TN. 143,
Br. Zool. IIT, 1448
Br, Zool. II. 152. iv, tab. 32, Br. Zool. III. 154. Br. Zogl. Ul. 155.
Br. Zool. Ill. 160.
OOD fitheries of ling about the ifle of Lewis; the fame might be eftablifh’d about the other ifles; whofe inhabitants are too poor to undertake any thing without affiftance. I met with multitudes who were reduced to the diftrefs mentioned p. 38, for want of a few common fifh-hooks: J partook
i 3 26% Five- - bearded.
269 Smooth.
« T 270 Spotted.
, Oe 271 Vivipa- fous,
« t 272 Black.
273 River.
( 25% »?
partook of their unhappinefs by my inabj- liry to fupply their wants; for I imagined myfelf on a voyage to places. where neither riches nor poverty had reached, and came provided with gew- gaws as prefents to the good people : but alas! in moft places a peck of oatmeal, or a. few poor fifh-hooks would have been more ae ge the gayeft productions of Birminghtin or Spittle-fields.
Brown Whiftle-fith, 8r. Zool, UIT. 165, iv. tab. 33. Fifhick in the Orknies. 8 oy
HE BON N.Y,
Br. Zool, III. 169. iv. tab. 34.
_ Br. Zool. HT. 171. iv. tab. 96.
Br. Zool. III. 172.
HO ne se 1c.
i nS eae: Sa Br. Zool. II, 174.
Bi taul - HW BACD. Br. Zool. U1, 177. «
274 Armed.
274 Armed.
cs. 275 Spiny.
276 Doree.
gees 277 Holibut.
278 Plaife.
279 Fluke.
280 Dab.
281 Smear- dab.
282 Sole.
( 58 )
_ Br. Zoo}. Ti, 178.
Br, Zool. IIT. 179. iv. tah. 35.
Dsi.O: Roc Eck. Br. Zool. III. 181. iv. tab. 73.
pees Oglevie, of Old Aberdeen, in- | formed me it had been taken near that place.
Boks 6 UMS Tk EF. Re
Br. Zool. WT. 185.
Br, Zool. IIT. .87.
Br. Zool. III. 187.
Br. Zool, III. 188.
Br. Zoel IIT. 189. iv. tab. 46. Br. Zool, MI. 190-
283 Turbot.
¢ 59 7
283 Turbot. Br. Zool, Ul. 193+
GS BLT FE. AD. 284 Gilthead. Br. Zool. WI. 197. iv. tab. 9. © Ros Braife of the Scots.
we ie ee
28¢ Common Sr. Zool. WI. 203. 286 Trimacu- Br. Zool. III. 206. iv. tab. 37. lated, 2
Pj Body Ge.
288 Common Br. Zool. III, 211.
RUE Se wR,
+ 289 xy-f{pined Br. Zoot. Wl. 220. iv. tab. 42.
Msoh iC ehirRiinak L,
* tT 290 Common Br. Zool. Wil. 221. iv. tab, 97.
PPEARS not till Ayguft in the Northern *™ parts of Scotland, and then {mall and
lean, 291 Tunny,
( 60) 2gt Tunny, Br. Zool. Ul. 223. iv. tab. 43. Toar Scotland.
GURNAR D. 292 Grey. Br, Zool. Ul. 331. Iv. tab. 38.
ABDOMINAL Oa @ ou Ons Gr oe 293 Bearded. | Br. Zool WI. 237. iv. tab. 93.
Bo fy. be WL OL IN.
a t 294 Common Br. Zool, Wl. 239.
Wscaiacias in all parts during the feafon ;
but rare in the Orkuies.
235 Grey. Br. Zool. HI, 248. Phinoc. Tour Scotland.
A Grey fifh, of the falmon kind, with a. ’ back fpotted with black, and about a foot long, comes up feveral of the rivers in Scotland in vaft fhoals during the month of Auguft : they return to the fea in November , are called Phinocs; and are fuppofed by the | fifhermen to be the young of a great grey trout weighing 30 pounds.
296 Bull.
*
296 Bull.
i Trout.
297 Samlet.
Tt 298 Charr.
299 Guiniad.
300 River,
301 Saury.
( 61 ) Br. Zool, ill. 249.
Br. Zool, III. 250. iv. tab. 93.
JR Bratably fine and large in moft of the lakes.
Br. Zool. WI. 253. Br. Zool, Il. 256. iv. tab. 94.
Br. Zool, Ill. 267.
OUND in Loch-Mabon; called in thofe parts the Vendace, and fuvangis; and in Loch-Lomond, where it is called the Poan.
ly : aes
Br. Zool. Ill. 270. ive tal. 956
Your Scotland, App. tab, 17.
CP Sst numbers were flung on fhore on the fands of Leith, after a great ftorm, November 1770.
ARGENTINE.
( @z ) AOR GVE UN IPS IN Ee +. ¢ 30z Pea ly. Br. Zool, WE. 276. iv. tab. 45.
NEA Ui slew ae TT.
303 Grey. Br. Zool. Ill. 278. iv. tab. 94.
Mm RR ee
304 Northern Br. Zool. Ul. 284. 305 Sprat. Br. Zool. Ill. 294. 306 Shad. Br. Zool. ill. 296.
- Have no certain proof of the fhad having been taken in Scotland; but it’s fry, the white bait, appears near Aberdeen.
eo AY AR Sa,
407 Pond. Br. Zool. Ul. 300.
Wie live but do not breed in the ponds of North-Britain.
308 Chub.
( 3
308 Chub. Br. Zool. IIl.. 313. & the 4unan.
309 Bream. Br. Zool. WI. 309. | FrounD in Loch-Maban.
310 Minow. Br. Zool. UI. 318.
) FRAGMENTS
( 4 2)
FRAGMENTS of CLASSES. CRUSTACEOUS ANIMALS.
Cy Re ae * With a fquare body:
311 Black- Cancer pagurus, Lin. Sy/t: 1044. clawed. g1z Common Cancer mznas, Lin. fyt. 1043: 313 Velvet. : agueide quinque-dentated, {méoth : claws covered with minute tubercles; body
with a velvet pile: hind legs pinnated. Skze.
314 Plated. ' \ 71TH the upper hell lamellated: frofit quingue-dentated and ferrated : two {pines on the claws: hind legs pinnated.
Skie.
315 Minute. Cancer minutus, Liz. fy/t. 1040.
* With heart-fhaped body. —
316 Thorney. Tour in Scotland, tab. Xviil. 1047. Cancer horridus, Liz. /yft.
NS Ne Dunbar and Aberdeen. 317 Great= «
( 6G )
317 Great- A Smal] fpecies: claws very large and cuit hairy : antennz very long lin flung behind Psa far a he back. Ske.
a O 8 S TRE R. 418 Common we boatoa Lin. fyi. 1050. | ays ‘REAT numbers are fent from the Faftern coatts of Scotland to fupply the * “. London markets 319 Norwaye Cancer Norvegicus, Lz. fy. 1053. 320 Wrinkled ; Caticd Strigottls. ig Sof a. EF the found of Lay. ' 321 Clawlefs. Cancer Biccaraa Lin, fyft. 1053, ~ Marine infe&ts obferved indifferent places. 4228 Phalangium groflipes. Lin. fy. 1027.
sab i ae the Yate*Doctor Skeze’s cabinet.
ay
aps Maeght e ee Phalangium Baleyarum. . The whale-loufe, Lin. foi. Lal 1028, zbrd.
yah found near aii
BP ‘
(. 66) )
. eit — hy i ' ~y > fa Onifcus marinus, Liz. ft. 10605- | Meo SE apie at 8
i
at @ e & dn a sé
+1.
Hydra difciflora. PA. Tran. vol. 4, 11, 83, tab. 1, fig. 5.
AP H &iOido tT A
Aph. fquammata, Lin. fift. 1084.
N eee eee
N. Pelagica. Liz. fpf. 1086.
N. cerulea. Lin, Hf. 1086.
Mie ® jl .s. my M. velella, Be Sf. om: ASTERIAS, STAR. A. Pe@inata Linckii -xxxvii. No. 64.
Aculeata | xxxvii. No. 67. Rubens xxxvi. No. 62. Dentata XV. No. 18. Ophiura ie: No. 4.
PLANTS.
Fs}
te ¥ “ss 6 oy on}
Mage mime —
“a “ o - ot - el rie atte heme le ’ <u - , eS y \
r : 4 y
> . * ~q “s
MN ? ‘
: ‘ > 4 + 7 % ¥ «
oe . : “we ‘ ‘ - : “3 . 4 “ . . - a . . w 4 . ¥ ; « » * r F eS ee 2s » ° wm . > * : : 4 : 4 . =
F 2 CLASSIS
i Clea ee} 88
MONANDRIA MONOGYNIA.
SALICORNIA. Calyx ‘xphyllus."Cor. o.
HIPPURIS. Cal.o. Cor. 0,
id Ge YL ON. ae
CALLITRICHE. Cal. o. Cor. 2-petala,
Capfula 2-locularis.
herbacea ‘I.
“s
MONANDRIA MONOGYNIA, 69 Go Li ‘AsuSas8 I °S iI. MONANDRIA M QD: ‘N Oo. G. ¥, ic Oe
-*SALICORNIA Lia. ‘Gens. Plant. to. Calyx ventriculofus, integer. Petala o. Semen unicum.
SALICORNIA ‘herbacea patula, articulis apice
- compreffis emarginato-bifidis. Lin. /pec. Plant, pages. (Oecd. Jigs t. 303. optima.)
Marth fampire, jointed glaffwort, or falt-wort | Anglis,
_ Found on the fea coafts, as at Blacknefs-Caftle, and
Aberlady. Bay. Dr. Parfons. ©. VIII. IX,
In England the tender fhoots of this plant are ufed as a pickle, and are fometimes boil’d for the table. _
There is a variety of it which puts on a woody appearance, and is often perennial, which fome have diftinguifh’d as a ipeciés.
Several perfons have obferv’d the flowers of this genus to have two ftamina. It may therefore belong perhaps more properly to the next clafs of Diandria.
F 3 HIPPURIS.
72
vulgaris 1.
MONANDRIA MONOGYNiA.
HIPPURIS. Lia. Gen. pl. 11. Cal. o, Petalg. 0. Stigma. Ampex, Sem. 1.
LIPPURIS. bby, Sp. PL’6. (Oecd. Des: 1.87, opt.) mare’s tail. Anglis.
~ In marfhes and ftagnant waters, as in the ditches
Vevna. 1.
autumnalis 2.
near Edinburgh: 1 found it alfo in Ilay, by the fides of the Lochs in deep muddy places. #. VI.
Dil GLY Nel A: CALLITRICHE,: Lin. Gem: Pl. 13.
Cal. 0. Petala 2. Sem. 2 ovale, nudum.
C. foltis fuperioribus ovalibus, floribus androgynes. Lin. Sp. Pl. 6. (Oced: Dan. t/'129,' opt.)
Vernal ftar-headed chickweed. Anglis.
Found in ditches and ftill waters frequently. ©.V:
C. foliis omnibus linearibus apice bifidis, floribus hermaphroditis, Lin. Sp.. Pl. 6. (Loes Fl. Pruff: 140. 4. 38. Pet. Herb. brit. t. 6.f. 4.)
Autumnal. ftar-headed chickwéed. _Anglis.
Found in the fame kind of places as the preceding. ©. IX.
CLASSIS
DéPAVN'D RTA. 71
Ci dest Bei Binh eS IE DUA'NADRIA MONOGY NIA.
* Flores inferi, monopetali, regularés. LIGUSTRUM. Cor. 4-fida. Bacca 4-fperma. ** Flores inferi, monopetali, irregulares. Fru@us capfularis.
VERONICA. Cor. 4- ohn limbo; Jacinia infe-
riore aneuftiore. PINGUICULA. Cor. ringens, Calcarata. Ca,
6-fidus. -UTRICULARIA. Cor. ringens, calcarata. Cai,
2-phylius. ae? Flores inferi, Aiboeiiit irregulares. Fracus
gymnofpermi. ‘
VERBENA. Cor. ngage hs Cal. Jacinia isis
breviore. LYCOPUS. Cor. fubaqualis. Stam. diftantia, ~ SALVIA. Cor. ringens. Filamenta tranverfé pedi- culata, *EE* Flores [uperi.
| CIRCOBA. Cal. 2 phyllus. Cor. 2-petala obcor- data. 5
* Salicornia. Diab. Giio¥bo ge. Ta,
ANTHOXANTHUM. Cui, Gluma 1-flora, ob-
longo. Cor. Gluma arlitata. | CLASSIS
bs
ae |
a
wulgare i.
DIANDRIA’ MONOGY Nia.
eae ae Cia ee Di... AMNA D Bol A AM O@NMO@YNIA.
-LIGUSTRUM. Lin. Gen. 18. Cor. 4-fida. Bacta tetrafpetma.
LIGUSTRUM, Lin. Sp. Pl. 10. (Mill. ic. t. 162)
figs 2: ‘Privet. Anglise | Tn the hedges about pea ol is not common om ka VI
VERONICA. Lia..Gem 26,
... Cor. Limbo. 4-partito; lacinia infima anguttiore,
officinalis t.
Capfula bilocularis. * Spicata. VERONICA. jpicis lateralibus pedunculatis, foliis oppofitis, caule procumbente. Lin. Sp. Pl. 14. (Oed. Dan. t. 248)
Male Speedwell, Anglis. ry Common in heaths and dry, woods. ¥. VII.
** Corymbofo-racemofee. ¥. corymbo terminali, foliis oppofitis, calycibus hifpidis. Lin. Sp. Pl..i5. (FL Lapp. t. 9. f. 4. Hall. Strip. Helvet. Pag. 2350.15. fe 2. Od. Dan. t. 16.) Alpine Speedwell. uglis. It is found on the mountains; of Badenoch, and
Lochaber. Obf,
Serpyllifolia 3+
betcabunga 4:
anagallis aquatica 5.
.DIANDRIA MONOGYNIA. 43
Obf., The; ftalk-is about three inches high, un-
( branch’d, and flightly hairy : the leaves are oval,
a little hairy, and fometimes fmooth, {carcely
crenated on the edges: eight.or ten fmall blue
flowers grow in. a fhort fpike at the top of the ftalk, mix’d with lanceolate f{tipule.
VERONICA racemo terminali fubfpicato, foliis ovatis glabris crenatis. Lin. Sp. Pi. 15. (Ger. Emac. pag. 627. f. 2. Oed. Dan. 492)
Little Smooth Speedwell, or Paul’s-Betony. Angiis.
Frequent in, paftures, and by way-fides. 4%. VI.
Obf, The ftalk creeps at firft, but at flowering grows erect: the flowers arife from the Ale of the leaves, on fhort fooftalks, having the three upper fegments of the Corol/a ftreak’d with longitudinal lines: the middle feement of thefe three is generally d/ue, the two fide ones of a paler colour, and the lowermott white.
V. racemis lateralibus, foliis ovatis planis, caule repente. Lin. Sp. Pl. 16. (Ger. Emac. p. 620, f. i. Oed. Dan. t. 511. opt.)
Common Brooklime- | Anglis.
Frequent in ditches and nivulets. %. VII.
Obf.- It is efteem’d an antifcorbutic; and is eaten by fome in the Spring as. a fallet, but is more
- bitter and not fo agreeable to the palate as Water- creffes. The flowers are of a fine blue, and the leaves are fmooth, thick, and fucculent.
V. racemis lateralibus,. foliis lanceolatis ferratis, caule
74
feutéllata 6
montana 7.
chamaarys :. 8...
DIANDRIA MONOGYNIA. » caule erecto. Lin. Sp. Pl. 16. (Ger. Emac. p. 620, Of. 2,' Pet) Herbs Brit. T. a1, for.) Long-leav’d Brooklime. Angiis. It grows in like places with the preceding. 4. VIII. Obf. The flowers are fmaller than the veronica Bec- cabunga, and are of a pale fiefh colour : the three upper fegments ftreak’d with red veins.
VERONICA racemis Jateralibus alternis ; ; pedi cellis pendulis, foliis Jinearibus. integerrimis. Lin. Syft. Nat. 58, Sp. Pl. v6. (Moris Hift. Ox. Sez 3; te aay fe zy, Oedi Dani gr2o9. opt )
Narrow-leav’d Water Speedwell. Angiis.
Found in marfhes and on the fides of Jakes. %. VII.
Obf. The leaves are fometimes flightly ferrated, and the flowers generally of a'pale-colour, almoft white, but few in number, iand) fupported by flender weak footftalks. ”
V, racemis areratieae pauicifloris, calycibus hirfutis, - foliis ovatis rugofis'crenacis petiolatis, caule de- bili. wlan. Sp. PL WJ. (Let Alete Br. t. 51, f, hy Moris. Hifts Oxe Se8..35 4.2.35. 15, melior.) Stalked Speedwell. ».Angiis.
‘Grows in moift fhady woods,: but not.common: in
-the woods at ee near the river. Dr Par- | foriss:t UW Is,
Obf, The leaves are very hairy. afl reddith under-
| neath : the flowers are of a pale blue, their fee- »ments ede’d with white. .. af
V. Facemis lateralibus, foliis ovatis feffil.bus ru- ‘gofis dentatis; caule debili, ’ bifatigm pinaocs :
‘Lin
agrestis 9.
arvenfis TO.
DIANDRIA MONOGYNIA. 75 Lin. Mant. 317, Sp. Pl. 19. (Ger. Em. 657, f. 3, Hift. Ox. Se, 3, T.-23, f. 12, Oed. Dan, t. 448, opt.) | |
Wild Germander. Anglis.
Found very common under hedges atid in meadows. u. V. and VIL. ' |
-Obf. The leaves are hairy, and the flowers of an
elegant bright blue, ftreak’d with veins of a deeper bide: It is a great ornament to the
hedges. |
*** Pedunculis unifloris. VERONICA floribus folitariis, foliis cordatis in- cifis pedunculo brevioribus. Lin. Sp. Pl. 18. (Ger. Em. 616.,f. 1.;Oed. Dan. t. 449. opt.) Germander-Speedwell, or Chickweed. Anglis. A common weed, ©. V. Obf. It has, branched, trailing flalks,. with leaves srowing oppofite at the bafe, but alternate at the top: the flowers are, very fmall, generally blue,
and grow fingly on long footftalks.
V. floribus folitariis, foliis cordatis incifis pedun- culo longioribus. Lin. Sp. Pl 18. (Ger. Em. Pag. 613. fi 7. Mors-Hift. Ox. Sef. 3. t. 24. f. 21, Oced. Dawes. g2g.)io-st
Wall-Speedwell. uglis. el]
It is common upon old walls. ©. V.
Obf. The flowers: of this are generally of a pale color, almoft white, growing on very fhort or no footftalks, which et it fufficiently from the pee?
hederifolia 11.
76 hederifolia
a @ Ty
DIANDRIA MONOGYNIA.
VY. floribus folitariis, foliis cordatis planis quinque- lobis. Lin. Sp. Pl. 19. (Ger. Em. 616. f. 3. Mor. Hift. Ox. Sec. 3. t. 24. f. 20. Oecd. Dan. t. 428. opt.)
Ivy-leav’d Speedwell, or Small- Menbit. Anglis.
In corn fields and gardens frequent. ©. V.
Obi, The ftalk is branched and trailing : the leaves
are rounded, and grow in pairs at the bafe, but are angular and aiccrnate under the flowers : the footftalks of the flowers are long, hairy, and bend downwards: the fegments of the calyx are hairy, and‘ comptefs the capfule’:” the’ fowéts are of a pale blue, or white, ftreak’d with veins of-a deeper blue or red color.
PINGUICULA. ikea Gen. 20.
or: ‘ringéns, calcarata. Cal. bilabiatus, 5-fidus.
vulgaris 1.
~ Common Butterwort. Anglise
~ Caps. unilocularis. PINGUICULA neétario cylindraceo longitudine Petali. Lin. Sp. Pl. 25. (Ger. Em. 788. f. 2. i Mor. Hift. On. Sed. 5.\t. 9. f13.. Oeds: Dan, te. 93. optima.) a3 Brogan-na-cu’aigs Gaulis, Thin grows very: common in moift grounds, and on the fides\of: the mountains. 4. VI.
‘The flower:is of \a deep violet color, hairy within. “The inhabitants-of Lapland, -and, the North of
Sweden;.give:to milk the confiftence of cream, by pouring it warm from the:cow upon the | leaves
es oe
er
f
Viruguecula
wtlloHtl. BOF F Moaed bpiffiths al. , >
MY.
lari
Beg eE RO - or
i ey ay
oo = Bene
LP xb : Paz seule
1 qi! 5
»
DIANDRIA MONOGYNIA. 74 pod. deaves of ‘this plant, and then inftantly ftraining cov euowatycand laying it afide for two or three days ’till > infp os it acquires a degree of acidity. ‘This milk they oJ bas . are extremely fond of';: and when once made Jeo aif) they néed:) not orepeat: the ufe of the leaves ‘oo yo] «as above, fora fpoonful, or lefs of it, will turn another, quantity of .warmymilk, and make it _ like the firft, and fo on as often as. they pleafe : a “* to Yenew their food. | villifa'3. “p. {eapo villofo. Lin Sp. re 25. (Fi, sae. f. 12. f. 2. tt. Vid. Fig. noft.) » + Little flefh-color’d. Butterwort, Anglie.
»
so ee iol I found. it in Strath-Swardle,;' in the ifle of Skie, in gg me a bog jut, by Mr. M M?Kepnon’ ’s, Of Coryattachan, see" “and 6n the fide of a mountain there call’d Ben- ppaet na-Cailli¢hs . Me VEL oa
a Obf, “The Teaves. are reticulated. th ‘red veins:
eh the talk. aS. Nightly. hairy, and about two inches high ; the. flower 4 is flefh-color’ d;. and the whole plant, in all its parts, five times {maller than vie
bas dacs
a RR — LVUID <e ni RaCRARLiatbAG LinsGen. 31. giten i, sat Fingers, calcarata... Gad...2-phyilus, aequalis.
. - Caps. unilocularis. vulgaris oe Of RICULARIA nectario. conico, {capo pauci- floro. Lin. Sp. pl..26. (Petiver.Her. Brit. T. 36. f.~ 11. Oed. Dan. t. 138. 0pt.) Common’ Hooded Milfoil. Anglis. In deep ditches and ftagnant waters, asin Guillon-
Loch. Dr. Parfons. UW. VII. Obi.
78
DIANDRIA MONOGYNIA.
Obf. The leaves are capillary, branched, and _immers’d under water, having numerous tranf-
‘ci eisparent veficles adhering to them: the ftalk is
minor 2.
~9 erect, deititute of leaves above water, and bears
aloofe {pike of five or fix flowers: the calyx is _ murry colour’d, the flower. yellow, the lower lip
_o vein’d withvorange, and'gibbotis.
UTRICULARIA neétario carinato. Lin. Sp. pl.
26. (Pluk. Alm. t. 99. f. 6. Petiv. Ferd. Brit. T. 4 36. f. 12. Oed. Dan. Tab.'128. opt.) | Leffer Hooded Milfoil. Anglis.’ - Found in like places with the preceding, but more “rarely : [gathered it in a bog at pee “in Skie, together with the Pinguicula a F a i Sago Obf. This has the habit of the preceding, but is, * Gn ‘all its parts, much lefs: the flower is of a
~~" “paler yellow, the {pur hardly diftinguifhable, and
officinalis...
the lower lip plane, not gibbous.
VERBENA Lin. Gen. 32.
Cor. infuhdibuliformis,, fubaequalis, curva. Calcys unico dente truncato. Semina 2.'s. 4. nuda. (Stam. 2. S. 4.)
VERBENA tetrandra, Pins: filiformibus + peso latis, foliis multifido-laciniatis, caule folitario. Lin. Sp. pl. 29. (Ger, Emac. 718. Bis 1. Tourn. Infl. t. 94.)
Vervain. Anglis.
By
DIANDRIA MONOGYNIA. 76 so 9d By road-fides near, towns and villages.; ©.. VIIT. o>) ore Without the gates of, Innerkeithing..Dr. Parfons,
.» LYCOPUS, ‘Lin. Gem.33: bois 4efida, lacinia unica, emarginata. Stamina | diftantia. Semina As) retusa. |
crtpew I “LYCOPUS foliis: finuato ferratis: ‘Lin. Sp. ph. 30. on (Gers Emac. ne Me: ds ee ‘ging ices % tack BD) | Water Honthouiss tng da On the banks of ‘rivers and ditches, at, Vil. -Obf..This plant has the:habit of thofe of the Didy- namia Clafs, but the flowers have only two fta- _mina: they grow in thick whirls around the. “flalk, {mall and‘ white, ‘and hairy within: the lower fegment i is‘ mark’d with red dots..
aa SALVIA Lin. ‘Gen. Bh 39. “Cor. “inequalis... ‘Filamenta “tranfverfe -pedicello |" aftixa.
verbenaca 7 SALVIA foliis ferratis finuatis leviutculis, corollis CR _calyce anguftioribus. Sp. pl. 35. (Ger. Emac. 771. St. ot fe de Cluf. Hift. xxxi. fig. ad finifiram.) —-. Common Wild Clary... dnghis. Under Salifoury crags, and on a bank at the en- a . trance into Kirkcaldy, from Dyfert.. u. VI.
~CIRCADA. Lin. Gen. 24.
Cor. dipetala. Cal. diphyllus, fuperus. Sem. 1. biloculare.
lutetiana
So
DIANDRIA MONOGYNIA.
lutetianat.. ner caule erecto, racemis pluribus, foliis
alpina 1.
“ovatis. “Sy Nat. 56. (Oecd. Dan. t. 210. Ger. | Emac. 351. Park. 351.)
Eachanters Nightfhade. Anglis.
In woods and fhady places. 4.VIIO0- |
The ftalk°isere€t, a foot and a half high, and has
. lateral branches : ‘the leaves ‘are: fightly hairy,on the margin, and are either intire,undulated, or a little ferrated : the footftalks of nhe flowers are flightly hairy, the calyx the fame, of a greenifh
| . ccqkour, a litele sing’d with red,-\anddof a much
, thicker fubftance akan: the asthe ni a cifferent
color.
CIRCA caule po agaea, racemo unico foliis cor- _ datis. Sy/t. Nat. 5. (Oecd. Dan. t, 256. Moris. Hift. Ox. Se. 5. t. 34. fig. 2. ad imum.)
Alpine Enchanters Nighthhade. Angilis.
At the foot of the mountains about Lech-Broom, in Rofs-fbire. U, VII. |
This is very nearly related to the preceding, but
“differs in the following refpeéts: The ftalk is
about five or fix pe high, feldom branching, and reclines on the ih towards the bafe: the leaves are quite {mooth, and deeply cut or ferrated on the edges : the footfta alks of the flowers are fmooth, the calyx the fame, Or a more delicate texture than the preceding, and
tine’d with nearly the fame red colour as the Stale:
DIGYNIA,
DIANDRIA DIGYNIA. 8i
DIG YN 1A. ANTHOXANTHUM. Lin. Gen. 42. Cai. Gluma bivalvis, uniflora. Cor. Gluma bivalvis, 3 acuminata. Sem. 1. odoratum 1 ANTHOXANTHUM fpica oblonga ovata, flof- culis fubpedunculatis arifta longioribus. Sf. Nat. 67. (Stillingf. Mifcel. t. 1.) Vernal Grafs. Angiis. In meadows and paftures frequent. 4. V. It is one of the earlieft graffes that flowers; and Stilling fleet {ays it gives a grateful odor to hay.
G CLASSIS
a) “OTRIANDRIA. Crew Pee me's IL. hie ARR ing NE AO BO TAL We 4 NEO GORE Saas
VE OS Bippes Juperi. VALERIANA. Cor. 5-fida, bafi gibba. Sem. 1.
IRIS. Cor. 6-petaloidea: Petalis alternis reflexis. ‘. Sizgma petaloideum.
** Flores graminei valvulis Glume calycine.
SCHOENUS. Cor. nulla. Cal. paleis fafciculatis. Sem. fubrotundum.
SCIRPUS. Cor. nulla. Ca/. paleis imbricatis. Sem.
nudum.
ERIOPHORUM. Cor. nulla. Cal. paleis imbri- catis. Sem. lanigerum.
NARDUS. Cor. bivalvis. Cak nullus. Sem. tectum.
De ey. Nok hee * Flores unificri vagi. |
ALOPECURUS. Cal. bivalvis. Cor. univalvis apice fimplici.
PHLEUM. Cal. bivalvis trancutus, mucronatus feffilis.
. a
PHALARSS.
TRIANDRIA 83
PHALARIS. Cal. bivalvis; valvis carinatis zequa- libus, corollam includentibus.
+.» MILIUM. Cai. bivalvis ; valvis ventricofis corolla majoribus.
AGROSTRIS. Cal. bivalvis ; valvis acutis corolla brevioribus.
DACTYLIS. Cal. bivilvigs valya majore longiore comprefia carinata.
+ Arundo calamagroftis, arenaria. ** Flores biflori vagi. ,
AIRA. Cai. bivalvis, Flofculi abfq; rudimento
tertil. | MELICA. Gal. bivalvis. Rudimento tertii inter
flofculos.
* : & % | e ° °
a 4 *5*% Flores multiflori vagi.
BRIZA. Cal. bivalvis. Cor. cordata; valvis ven- “ tricofis.
POA. Cal. bivalvis. Cor. ovata; valvis acutiufculis.
FESTUCA. Cal. bivalvis. Cor. oblonga; valvis mucronatis.
BROMUS. Cal. bivalvis. Cor. oblonga; valvis fub apice ariftatis.
AVENA. Cal. bivalvis. Cor. oblonga; valvis dorfo arifta contorta.
i Ge __ ARUNDO.
b4
TRIANDRIA, ARUNDO. Cai. bivalvis. Cor. bafi lanata mutica,
* Daétylis glomerata. *8* Flores multiflori, infidentes receptacul elongasi dentibus.
TRITICUM. Cal. oppofitus, multifiorus, bival-
vis, folitarius.
HORDEUM. (Cal. sae EreeUN: bivalvis,
ternus. ELYMUS. Cal. lateralis, multiflorus, bivalvis, binus, - ternufve. LOLIUM. Cal. lateralis, multiflorus, univalvis, folitarius.
CYNOSURUS. Cal. bivalvis, nvfiitiinna Recept. proprium unilaterale, foliaceum.
SR bh GB N. DAs MONTIA. Cor. t-petala. Cal, diphyllus. Caps, 3-valvis, 3-fperma. — ,
CLASSIS
aficinalis 1
dioica 2.
locufta 3.
TRIANDRIA MONOGYNIA. 85
~
CG. "A e' § FS. IL, MONOGYNIA.
VALERIANA. Lin. Gen. 44. Cal. nullus. Cor. 1-petala, bafi hinc gibba, fupera. Sem. unicum.
Valeriana floribus triandris, foliis omnibus _peri- natis. “Lin. Sp. pi. 45. (Ger. Em. 1075, f. 2)
Great wild Valerian, Anglis.
In ditches and marfhy places frequent, and fome- times in dry mountainous paftures. 4, VII.
The roots are efteem’d an excellent nervine: cats are very fond of the fmell of it.
V. floribus triandris dioicis, foliis pinnatis integer- rimis. Sp. Pl. 44. (Ger. Em. 1076. fi. 3.)
Small wild Valerian. Anglis.
In marfhy meadows frequent. 4. VII.
The radical leaves of this are oval; of the preced- ing they are pinnated: the flowers of the male are much larger than the female.
V. floribus triandris, caule dichotomo, foliis linea- ribus Sp. Pl. 47. (Ger. Em. 310. f. 1.)
Corn-Sallet. Anglis.
In corn fields. ©. V.
The radical leaves in the Spring are well known as ‘faliet.
"9. IRIS.
86
pfeudacorus I.
TRIANDRIA MONOGYNIA. |
IRIS. Lin. Gen. 59:
Cor. 6-partita ; peralis alternis reflexis. Stigmata
vy petaliformia.
IRIS corollis imberbibus, petalis interioribus ftig- mate minoribus, foliis enfiformibus. Lin. Sp. Pl. 56. (Oed. Dan. 494. opt. Ger. Em. 60. fe 24)
Yellow Water Flower-de-luce. Anglis.
Seilifdetr. © Gaulis.
By the fides ot ditches, and in Bigs places fre-
— quent. 4. VIL. -
In Arran, and fome other of Whe Weftern ifles, “the roots are ufed to dye black, and-in Jura they
are boil'd with i Kage to make ink. LE
- SCHOENUS. Zin: eh 65.
_ Gluma paleacex, univalves, congefte. Cor. o. Sem.
nigricans 1.
I. fubrotundum inter glumas. * Culmo tereti.
SCHOENUS culmo tereti nudo, capitulo ovato, involucri diphylli valvula altera fubulata longa. Sp. Pl. 64. (Moris. Hift. Ox. Sec. 8. t. 10. f. 28.)
Black-headed Bog-Ruth. Anglis. :
On moors and peat-bogs common. 4. VII.
ferrugineus §. culmo tereti nudo, fpica duplici, involucri val-.
Ze
‘ vula-majore {picam zquante. Sp. ‘pl. 64. (Moris. Fiift. Ox. Sed. 8... 12: f. 40)
Brown-headed Bog-Ruth. Anglis.
In moorifh places, rare; in the se ped of. Ai Ue VI.
© Culmo
at iV
Ish
% 4
| XAIV™
: | ot 2 : CEE: LPCMM VA . | a P.O44
% ‘ aX ~ & 2S AN
Mased P Maxi woadfe . é
TRIANDRIA MONOGYNIA. 87
* Culmo triquetro.
ae: 3 s. culmo fubtriquetro nudo, fpica difticha, involu-
albus A.
paluftris I
cro monophyllo. Sp, P/. 65, (Pluk. Phyt. t. 34.
fk) Compreffed Bog-Ruth. Anglis.
In marfhy places by the fides of lochs in /ay, but not common.
S. culmo fubtriquetro foliofo, floribus fafciculatis, foliis fetaceis.. Sp. P/. 65. (Oed. Dan. 320. Hift.
One Ss 8.te Bx Fe 39) White-flower’'d Bog-Ruth. nglis.
~ On moors and peat bogs common, 4, VIT.
SCIRPUS. Liz. Gen. 67.
aire paleacer, undique imbricata. Cor. 0. Sem. “ea mberbe.
| * Spica unica.
. SCIRPUS pon, 89 tereti nudo, fpica fubovata ter-
_minali. Sp, Pl. 70. (Fl. Dan. 273. opt. Moris. Hift. Ox Sed. 8. t. 10, fig. 32. Loefel. Be: is 36. bene. Ger. Em. 1630.) Club Rufh. Angiss.
In ditches and by the fides of lath frequent. 4, VII. 7
ce[pilofus 2 S. culmo ftriato nudo, ies bivalvi terminali lon-
gitudine calycis, radicibus fquamula interftindtis. Sp. Pl. 71. (O5cd. Dan. 167, be nee A 4. 40. i) eee
Heath
38
acicularis 3
fuitans A.
lacufiris 5.
fetaceus €.
TRIHNDRIA MONOGYNIA.
Heath Club-Ruth. Anglis.
In heaths and moors frequent. 4. VII. :
S. culmo tereti nudo fetiformi, {pica ovata bivalvi, feminibus nudis. Sp. Pl. 71. (Oed. Dan. 287. Pluk.
Ph. t. 40. f. 7. Moris. Hi. Ox. 8. 8. t.10. f
37.) 3
Little upright Club-Rufh.
On the fides of lochs immers’d even under the water, and in marfhy places, about a mile .N, Weft from Lafwade. Dr. Parfons. u? VIII.
S. culmis teretibus nudis alternis, caule foliofo flaccido. Sp. Pl. 91. (Moris. Hifi. S. 8. t. 10. ff. 31. Pluk. Pb. 35. f. 1.)
Floating Club-Rufh. Anglis. |
I obferv’d plenty of it by the fides of the little lochs in the ifland of Rum: without doubt it may be found in many other ‘fuch-like places. In pits where water has ftood for fome time is its proper place of growth, 2. VIL.
** Culmo tereti polyftachio. SCIRPUS culmo tereti nudo, {picis ovatis pluri- bus pedunculatis terminalibus. Sp. P/. 72. (Morts. Hift. Ox. Sed. 8. t. 10. f. r. Ger. Em. 35. fi 3.)
Bull-Ruth. Aaglis. In clear ftill waters frequent. 4. VII. This rufh is ufed to make bafkets, mats, and feats
for chairs.
S. culmo nudo fetaceo, fpicis lateralibus fubfolitariis feffilibus.
TRIANDRIA MONOGYNIA. 89 feffilibus. Sp. Pl. 73. (Oed. Dan. t. 311. Hift. | Ox, feet. 8. t. 10. f. 23.)
The left Ruth. Anglis.
In wet, fandy, or gravelly places; but not very ~ common. ©. VII. VIII.
*** Culmo triquetro, panicula foliacea. wmaritimns7 §, culmo triquetro,. panicula conglobata foliacca, fpicularum fquamis trifidis, intermedia fubulata. Sp. Pl. 74. (Moris. Hift. Ox. f. 8.4. 11. f. 25. & fortaffe f. 9.) | ‘Round rooted Baftard Cyperus. Anglis. On the fea coafts not unfrequent. 4%. VII.
Aivaticus§ S. culmo triquetro foliofo, umbella foliacea, pe- dunculis nudis fupradecompofitis, {picis confertis. Sp. pl. 75. (Oed. Dan. 307. Moris. Hift. Ox. f. 8. t.11.f. 15. Lefel. Pruff. t. 33. bona.) Millet Cyperus-Grafs. Anglis.
In moift woods near Roflin cattle. Dr. Par/ons. y. VIL.
ERIOPHORUM. Lin. Gen. 68.
Glume paleaccze, undiq ; imbricate. Cor. 0. Sent. 1. Lana. longiffima cinétum. polyftathion ERIOPHORUM culmis ‘teretibus, foliis planis, I. fpicis pedunculatis. Sp. pl. 76. (Moris. Hift. Ox. 8. 4.9. f. 1. ad imum. Ger. Em. 29. f. 1. Vail. Botan. Paris .t. 16. f. 1. 2. bona.) Cotton-Grafs. Anglis. On moors and peat-bogs very frequent. #. VII.
vagina tum
go! TRIANDRIA MONOGYNIA.
vaginatum EF. culmis vaginatis teretibus, {pica fcabiofa. Sp. pi. 2. 76. (Oecd. Dan. 236. Moris. f. 8. t. 9. f. 6. ad
imum. Scheuch. Gram. 302. t. 7. f. 1. bené.)
_ Hares-Tail-Ruth. Anglis.
It grows in the fame kind of places with the pre-
. ceding, and nearly as common. ¥#. IV-VII. It is readily diftinguifhed from the firft fort, as it
bears only one fingle ereét oval ge at the top of the ftalk.
NARDUS. Lin. Gen. 69« | Cal. nullus, i ely bivalvis. 4 fritia re" NARDUS {pica fetacea recta fecunda. Sy/t. Nat.
84.\(Moris Hift. Ox. f 8. to 7. fe Be bona Schreby Gram. 65. i. 1) br] i |
Mat- Grafs. Anglis. b Bae) On moors and heaths frequent. 2. VI.
Dy LG UX plocflat PHALARIS. Lin.. Gen. 74. Cal. bivalvis, Carinatus, longitudine xqualis, corol-
lam includens. arundinacea PHALARIS panicula longa ventricofa ampla.
I. Syft. Nat. 86. (Oed. Dan. 259. Moris. Hift. fed?. 8. ¢. 6.f. 41. Loes. Praff. No. 34.) seth
Reed Canary-Grafs. Anglis. On the fides of lakes and rivers eauenl 4. VII.
PHLEUM. Gen. Pi. 77 Cal. bivalvis, feffilis, linearis, truncatus, apice bicufpidato. Cor. inclufa.
pratenfe
pratenfe i.
TRIANDRIA DIGYNIA. gt PHLEUM fpica cylindrica longiffima ciliata, culmo
erecto. Sp. pl. 87. (Moris. Hife. Ox. I S. 4.4. ft 1. in imo ad finiftram.) |
_ . Meadow Cat’s Tail, or 4 Timothy. Grafs, Anglis. ~
mn” 49 LD
‘ wodofum 2. 2s
pratenfis I.
_agreftis 2.
By way-fides,and in paftures, but not common. u, VIL.
PB. Spica gylincricay culmo afcendente, foliis obli-
. quis, radice bulbofa. Syff. Nat. 88. (Oed. Dani t. 980. Moris: Heft: On... 8, te 4. fe 3. in in. Barrel. t. 63.) Bulbous Cat’s- Tail Grafs. Angiis. In paftures and by way-fides. 4..WII. VHI. The limits between: this and the preceding, “in -fome fituations of growth, . are {carcely defcern-. ible: perhaps they are only varieties, but as the beft writers have feparated them, I was un- willing to conjoin them.
ALOPECURUS. Gen. Pl. 78. Cal. bivalvis. Cor. univalvis. ALOPECURUS culmo fpicato ereéto, glumis
villofis, corollis muticis. Sy. Nat. 89. (Stillingf. Tract. t. 2. bona. Ger. Em. 11. fig. finift.)
_ Meadow Fox Tail Grafs. Anglis. | In moift meadows frequent. #. V.
It is efteem’d a good grafs for hay.
A. culmo fpicato ereéto, glumis Jevibus. Sy/. Nat. 8g. (Moris. Hit. Oxi f. 8. t. 4.f. 8.8 12, Bon. Barrel. Ic. t. 699. f. 1. 2. Schreb: Gram. 149. ¢, 19. f. 2. Ger. Em. 11. fige dextera.)
| < ae OField
gz
Seniculaius
3.
efufum 1
CONINA I«
TRIANDRIA DIGYNIA. Field Fox Tail Grafs. Anglis. In corn fields arid by way-fides. 4..VI. VII. The fpike of this is much longer and flenderer than that of the preceding, and is of a reddifh - ‘color. . oi
ALOPECURUS. culmo fpicato infraéto, corollis muticis. Spf. Nat. 89. (Ger. Em. 14. f. 2. Scheuch. Gram. t. 3. f. 6. C. D. E. Moris. Hift.
Wf '8 8. Ae Fgh geliariy™
Flote Fox-Tail Grafs. Anglis.
In places where water has ftood in the Winter. 2%. VI. Vu.
MILIUM. Gen pl. 79. Cal, bivalvis, uniflorus. Corolla breviffima. Sfig- mata penicilliformia.
MILIUM floribus paniculatis difperfis muticis. Sp. pl. 90.(Moris. Hift. Ox. f. 8. t. 5. f. 10. bene.)
Millet-Grafs. Anglis.
In fhady woods, but not common. Dr. Parfons. ©? VI. | a
AGROSTIS. Gen. pl. 80.
Cal. 2-valvis, uniflorus, corolla paulo minor.
Stigmata \ongitudinaliter hifpida. * Ariftate. AGROSTIS calycibus elongatis, petalorum. arifta dorfali recurva, culmis proftratis fubramofis. Syft. Nat. go. (Scheuch. Gram. p. 141. #. 3. f. 9:
C.) Brown
frolonifera 2
TRIANDRIA DIGYNIA. 93 Brown Bent-Grafs.. 4uglis. - Upon peat-bogs frequent., %. VII. 8 Mutice. A. panicu! ramulis patentibus muticis, culmo re- pente, calycibus zequalibus. Syf#. Nat. go. Sp. pl. 93. (Ger. Em.. d. 26. veka
Creeping Bent- Grafs. Anglis. In fandy or gravelly places that have lain under
~*~ * water in the Winter. 2. VIII.
alba 3.
capillaris 4
The ftalk reclines on the ground towards it’s bafe, and throws out young fhoots at the joints.
-AGROSTIS panicula _laxa, calycibus muticis
equalibus. Sp. pl: 93. (Moris. Hift. f: 8. 4. 6. f,
. 2): Marfh Bent-Grafs. Anglis.
In ditches and moift meadows. ##. VII.
This is a much. larger grafs than the preceding, and grows erect ; but in other refpects differs fo. . little from it, that perhaps it would be no error to confider it only as a variety,
A. panicula capillari patente, calycibus ‘fubulatis aqualibus trifpidiufculis coloratis, flofculis mu- ticis. Sp. pl. 93. (Qed. Dan. t. 163.. opt. Stillingf. Mifcel. t. 3.)
Fine Bent-Grafs. Anglis. .
In meadows and paftures frequent. 4. VIII.
The flowers of thefe three laft have all a flight roughnefs, and are exttemely related to each other: this laft however is the fineft and moft
delicate
94 TRIANDRIA DIGYNIA. delicate grafs of the three, and grows erect, without any fhoots at the joints.
AIRA. Gen. pl..81. | Cal. bivalvis, biflorus. Flofculi abfque interjecto ~ rudimento. | * Mutice. aquatica 1. AIRA panicula patente, floribus muticis levibus calyce longioribus, foltis planis. Sy. Nat. 91. Sp. pl. 95. (Oed. Dan. t: 381. Vail. Paris. t.17: f-7-) Water Hair-Grafs. Anglis. On the banks of rivulets and ponds, ont not very » common. %, VI. : It varies, fometimes with five or fix ais in 2 _calyx, when it happens to get ina dry foil, and then puts on the appearance of a Poa. ** Ariftatas te/pitofa 2, AIRA folus planis, panicula patente, petalis bafi villofis ariftatifq , arifta recta brevi. Sp. pl. 96. (Moris. Hift. Ox. f. 8. t. 5. f. 172 Ger. Em. p. 5s f. 2. quoad paniculam fed non folia) Turfy Hair Grafs. Anglis. In wet paftures and moift woods. %. VII. VIII. The ftalk is a yard high: the panicle often a foot long, and when not in flower leans all one way : the leaves grow in a thick turf, are plain, rigid, - and roneh to the touch: the panicle confifts of a vaft number of fmall flowers, which have a grey-purple filvery appearance.
flexuofa
TRIANDRIA DIGYNIA. 95
flexuofa 3. AA. foliis fetaceis, culmis fubnudis, panicula diva- | ricafa, pedunculis flexuofis. Sp. pl. 96. (Oecd. is Dan. t. 157. opt. Moris. Hift. f. 8. ¢. 7. f. 9. in imo aa dextram. Stillingf. Mifcel. t. 4. Scheuch. Gram. 218. ¢.6.f. 1. & t. 4. f. 4.) Mountain Hair-Grafs. Anglis. In heaths and mountainous paftures. %. VII. The ftalk is about a foot high, bearing a loofe open - panicle of filvery purple flowers. On rocks and in woods it frequently varies with white flowers, which has been diftinguifhed by fome as a fpecies. A. foliis fetaceis; vaginis angulatis, floribus pani- culato-fpicatis, flofculis bafi ariftatis. Sp pl. 97. (Oed. Dan. t. 383. opt. Raj. Ang. 3. p. 408. t. 92. f. 2.) Early Hair-Grafs. Angits. In fandy barren paftures. Dr. Parfons, ©. V. This is not above three or four inches high, and bears a fhort clofe panicle of whitifh green | flowers. caryopbylea A. foliis fetaceis, panicula divaricata, floribus 5: ariftatis diftantibus. Sp. pl. (Oed. Dan. ¢t. 382. | Stillingf. Mifcel. t. 5. Moris. Hift. Ox.f. 8: t. 5. PUM! | Silver Hair-Grafs. Angiis.
precox 4.
In jandy and barren paftures. Dr. Parfons. QO, v. ws
MELICA. Gen. pl. 82. Cal. bivalvis,biflorus. Rudimentum floris inter flofculos. nutans t. MELICA petalis imberbibus, panicula nutante fimplici. Sp. p!. 98. (Moris. Hit. Ox. f. 8. t. 7. f. 48. €F ejus Varietas f. 49.) Melic
96
caerulea 2.
alpina 1.
TRIANDRIA: DIGYNIA. Melic-Grafs. Anglis. k ak In fhady woods not uncommon : it’s variety with flowers nearly feffile, growing in a fpike inftead of a panicle. I obferv’d in Lord Breadalbane’s woods at Ardmaddy, in Nether-Lorn. The ca- lyces of both are of an auburn color, and the flowers within them green. #. VI-VIII.
M. panicula coarctata, floribus cylindricis. Lin. Mantifs. p. 325. Aira coerulea Sp. pl. 95. (Oecd. Dan. t. 239. Moris. Hift. Ox.f. 8. t. 5. f. 22.)
Purple Melic-Grafs. Anglis. Pund-Glafs. Gaulis.
In wet, moorifh, and barren ground frequent. %#. VIII.
This grafs is readily diftinguifhed by it’s black pur- ple panicle: it has a bulbofe root, blue antherze,
and a purple pitftil, with two or three flowers in a calyx. |
The fifhermen in the ifle of Skie make ropes for their nets of this grafs, which they find by ex- perience will bear the water well without rotting.
P.O A. Gen. pl. 83. Cal. bivalvis, multiflorus. ‘Spicula ovata; valvulis - margine fcabiofis acutiufculis.
POA panicula diffiifa ramofiffima, fpiculis fexfloris cordatis. Sp. pl. 99. (gus. varitas vivipara Scheuch. Iter Alp. p. 38. t. 4. f. 2. & Agrofte- graph: p. 22. t. 4: f. 14.)
Alpine Meadow- Grafs, Anglis.
On the fides of Craig-challeach, above Finlarig, In Br eadalbane. Mr. Stuart. WU. VI,
The
trivialis 2,
anguftifolia ays
pratenfis 4.
TRIANDRIA DIGYNIA., 97 The fpecimen I faw was the viviparous kind: the Jeaves are fmooth, compreffed, and a little re-
curv’d: the ftalk is five inches high, flender, and purple: the panicle open, and thinly fet with flowers : the calyces of a purple color: the germina viviparous.
P. panicula diffufa, fpiculis trifloris bafi pubefcen- tibus, culmo erecto tereti. Sp. pl. 99, (Ger. Em. LOMA. fe By -y\ Common Meadow-Graf. Anglis, , In meadows almoft every where. 4. VI.
P, panicula diffufa; fpiculis quadrifloris pubefcenti-
bus, culmo erecto tereti. Sp. pl. 99. (Moris. Pitt fy 8-2. Bajs 49.)
Narrow-leav’d Meadow: Grafs. Anglis.
In woods and hedges. 1. VII.
P, panicula diffufa, fpiculis quinque-floris glabris, culmo erecio tereti. Sp. pl. 99: (Moris. Hit. Ox. So 8a t. 6. f.-18. Ger. Em. Po asf. ti)
Great Meadow-Grafs. Anglis.
In rich meadows, #. VI.
_ Thefe three laft are efteem’d ais our beft
ONNUG Be re
compreffa 6.
_ graffes for hay.
P. panicula diffufa angulis rectis, f{piculis obtufis, culmo oblige compreffo. Sp. pl. gg. (Stillingf. Mifcel. t. 7..bona Ger. Em. p: 3. f. 23
Annual Meadow-Grafs. Angiis.
In meadows and by way-fides. ©. IV-IX.
P. panicula coarétata fecunda, culmo obliquo com- H preffo:
98
nemoralis 7
maritima’.
crifiata Q.
TRIANDRIA DIGYNIA. preffo. Sp. pl. tor. (Vaill. Paris. t. 18. f. 6.) Flat ftalk’d Meadow-Grals. Auglis. On walls at Méellrofs- Abbey, &c. ©? VI. - When growing upon walls it has commonly about three Fitna in each fpicula; when it defcends into paftures or moift ground it has fix or oF mare.
P. panicula attenuata, fpiculis fub-bifloris mucro- natis {cabris,-culmo incurvo. Sp. pl. 102. (Scheuch Agroft. 164. t. 2. fig. dextra. Iter. 2. 2, 135. ¢. 18. f. 3.)
Wood Meadow-Grafs. Augilis. |
In woods and fhady places not unre pes VIL. |
Ir has a weak ftalk above a yard high : a flender nodding panicle of pale green flowers: the glumes — of the calyx are ftreak’d with fine lines,
P, panicula fubfpicata, fpiculis fecundis coar€tatis, foliis convolutis. Hudf. Fl. Ang. 35. (Oed. Dan. fae ¥-4 OD
Sea Meadow-Grafs. Anglis.
On the fea coafts in many places: I obferv’d it in the ifland of Oranfa, and in Skye at Dunvegan caftle, and at Loch-Broom in Rojfs-fhire 4. VII.
The ftalks are about fix inches high, bent at the joints: the calyces are ede’d with purple: the {piculee nearly cylindrical, each confifting of fix
- oreight flowers. It 1s very. nearly related to the feftuca fluitans, perhaps the fea water duu) oc- cafion the difference.
P. panicula fpicata, calycibus fabpilofis fubquadri- floris.
medica 1.
| glomeratus Iw
TRIANDRIA DIGYNIA. 99 floris pedunculo longioribus, petalis ariftatis. Syft.. Nat. 94. Aira criftata. Sp. pl. 94. (Moris. Hift. f. 8. t. 4. fo 9. Loef. Pruf. p. 110. m 22,
- bon.) Crifted Poa Grafs. Anglis. In dry and mountainous paftures frequent. #. VIF. This grafs is about five or fix inches high: the leaves and ftalk downy: the panicle clofe like a fpike, of a white or greyifh color, with purple anthere.
BRIZA. Gen. Pi. 84. Cal. bivalvis multiflorus. Spicula difticha, valvulis cordatis, obtufis; interiore minuta. BRIZA {piculis ovatis, calyce flofculis (7) breviore. Sp. pl. 103. (Oed. Dan. t. 258. Moris. Hift. f- 8. y. 6. f. 48) bene).
Cow-quakes, Quaking-Grafs. Anglis.
In meadows and paftures, but rare in the highlands,
DACTYLIS.. Gen. Pi. 86.
Cal. bivalyis, compreffus ; altera valvula majore
| carinata.
DACTYLIS panicula fecunda glomerata. Lin. Sp. pl..105. (Moris. Hift. Ox. f. 8. t. 6. f. 38. Baub. Prod. 9. fig. finiftra.)
Rough Cock’s-Foot-Grafs. Anglis.
By way-fides and under hedges frequent. %. VII.
It is a very troublefome creeping grafs in a garden, and difficult to be deftroy’d. The gardeners call
FT (2 this
100
triffatus 1.
caruleus 2.
TRIANDRIA DIGYNIA.
this, and feveral other creeping kinds, Couch- Grafs.
CYNOSURUS. Gen. Pi. 87.
Cal. bivalvis, multiflorus, Recp¢. proprium unila- terale, foliaceum. CYNOSURUS bracteis pinnatifidis. Sp. pl. 105. (Oed. Dan. ¢. 238. opt. Barel. ic. 27. Schreber. t. 8.)
Crefted Doe’s-Tail Grafs. Anglis.
In dry paftures frequent. 4. VII.
This is efteem’d an excellent grafs to feed fheep and deer. | |
CYNOSURUS bratteis integris. Sp. p/. 106. (Ar- duin. Spec. 2. p.18. t.6. fig. 3.4. 5+ Scheuch. Gram. p. 82. #2. f-9. A: BL Baub. Prod. p. 21. 0. 73. cum Icone. fed male.)
Blue Dog-Tail Grafs. Anglis.
In wet places on the fides of the mountains about Little-Loch-Broom, in Rofs-foire, &c. 4. VI. VII.
The root is thick and white: the ftalks from ‘twelve to eighteen inches high: the leaves plain, fheathing the ftalks at the bafe: the flowers crow in a clofé imbricated fpike, three-fourths of an inch long, and nearly oval, of a blue or grey color: the involucrum of each fpicula confifts of two eval acuminated glumes, of equal fize, and filvery color, fubtending one, two or three flowers, of a blue or grey color: the exterior valve of the flower is truncated, and terminated | with
ovina 1.
vivipare B.
duriufculaa
TRIANDRIA DIGYNIA. yor
with three equal points, or fhort beards ; the in- terior with only two.
FESTUCA. Gen. PL. 88.
Cal. bivalvis. Spicula oblonga teretiufcula, glumis
acuminatis. * Panicula fecunda.
FESTUCA panicula fecunda coarctata ariftata
culmo tetragono nudiufculo, foliis fetaceis. Sp. pl. 108. (Loef. Pruff. 110. n.24. Moris. Hit. f. Bete gm fopgioPlak. Phyt.-t. 34 < 2. Stillingf. Mifcel. t. 8.) Sheeps Fefcue Grafs. tachi In dry paftures frequent. 4. VI. The flowers vary with and without ariftee. -It is an excellent grafs for fheep paftures.
F. fpiculis viviparis. Sp. pl. 108. (Raj. Syn. 408. t. 22. f. 1. Scheuch. Gram. 213.¢t. 1. bon.) |
Viviparous-Fefcue-Grafs. Anglis.
Upon rocks and mountains frequent. #. VII.
This is only a variety of the preceding, the germi- na fhooting before the feeds are ripe.
F. panicula fecunda oblonga, fpiculis 6-floris ob- longis laevibus, foliis fetaceis. Sp. pl. 108. (Ray. Syn. p. 379. bs 19. f. 1-)
Hard Fefcue-Grafs. uglis.
In dry paftures, and upon rocks in the craig of Ailfa abundantly. 4. VI.
| ae The
{02
rulra-3.
bromoides 4
elatior 5.
gecumlent 6,
TRIANDRIA DIGYNIA.
The radical leaves are filiforme and channelled, thofe on the ftalk plain.
F. panicula fecunda feabra, fpiculis 6-floris arifta- tis; flofculo ultimo. mutico, culmo ferniterfti, Sp. pl. 109. (Stillingf. Mifcel. t. 9 ?)
Purple Fefcue-Grafs. Anglis.
In dry mountainous paftures. The ifle of Canay abounds with this and the F. ovina. U. VII.
F, panicula fecunda, fpiculis erectis lavibus, caly-~ cis altera valvula integra, altera ariftata, Sp. pi. 10. (Pluk. Phyt. t. g0fi10)
In dry paftures, but not common. ©. VJ.
The ftalks frequently decline towards the ground.
F. panicula fecunda erecta, fpiculis fubariftatis ex- terioribus teretibus. Sp. pl, 111. (Moris. Hift. ORO BY BL fusy
In moift rich meadows, but not common, Dr, Parfons. 4. VII.
It is a grafs that makes moft excellent fodder for cattle,
** Panicula equal.
FESTUCA panicula erecta, fpiculis fubovatis mu- ticis, calyce floiculis majore, culmo decumbente, Sp. pl. 110. (Oed. Dan. t¢. 162. opt. Moris. Hift,
of 8.0. 1. f. 6. Punk. Phyt. t. 34. f. 1)
Decumbent Fefcue-Grafs. Anglis.
In dry mountainous paftures. I faw no where
| : fuch |
fiuitans 7.
¢F
filvativa 8,
{F
mollis 1.
TRIANDRIA DIGYNIA. 103 fuch plenty of it as in | the land of Canay. y, WIE.
F’, panicula ramofa erecta, fpiculis fubfeffilibus te-
retibus muticis. Sp. p/. 111. (Moris. Hift. /: 8. 2. 3. f. 16. Stillingf. Mifcel. t. 10.)
F ie Fefcue-Grats. Angiis.
In ditches and watery places frequent. 4. VI.
This grafs is of a fucculent nourifhing quality, and cattle are very fond of it. It would doubtlefs be a good kind to fow in wet meadows.
The feeds of this grafs are in Poland and Germany
_ ° brought to the tables of the ereat, as an agree-
able and nourifhing food, under the name of ~ Manna Seeds.
YF. fpicata, fpiculis alternis fubdiftichis feffilibus ariftatis. Huds. Fi. Ang. p. 38.. Bromus nus pinna- tus. Lin. Sp. pl. (Oed. Dan. t. 164)
Wood Fefcue-Grats.. Anglis.
In woods and hedges not uncommon. 4. VIII.
The beards arife from the extremity of the glumes : it is therefore properly a feftuca, tho’ it has the habit of a bromus, the leaves being hairy, the {picula rough, and the beards long.
BROMUS. Gen. Pl. 89: Cal. bivalvis. Spicula oblonga, teres, difticha arifta infra apicem. BROMUS panicula erectiuicula, fpicis ovatis
pubefcentibus ; ariftis rectis, foliis molliffime villofis,
1O4 TRIANDRIA DIGYNIA. villofis. Sp. pl. 112. (Moris. Hift. Ox. f. 8. te 5 f. 18. & ejus varictas. f. 19.) Soft Brome-Grafs. Anglis. In meadows and on dry banks. ©. Vi,
arvengis 2. BROMUS panicula nutante, {piculis ovato ob: longis. Sp. pl..113. (Oed. Dan. 293.)
Corn Brome-Grafs. Anglis.
I found what I; take to be a very fingular variety of this upon the fandy fhore in the ifland of Oranfay. The ftalks were about five inches high: the radical leaves fmeoth, ftiff, chan- nelled and fubulated ; thofe on the ftalks broader, fheathing it like Spathe: the clofe panicle, or rather fpike, confifted of eight or ten fpicule, nearly feffile, and. growing on one fide of the ftalk : thefe fpiculae were fmooth, without beards, exactly like thofe in the figure referr’d to, con- fifting each of about five fowers. I apprehend the fea-water occafions the convolution of the leaves, and the poverty of the foil the other dif- ferences. ©, VII. |
fievilis 3. 3B. panicula patula fpiculis oblongig diftichis, glu- mis fubulato ariftatis. Sp. pl. 113. (Moris. Hift, Ox. Sedz.8. t.7.f. 14. Ger. Em. 76. f, 4s bene.) Barren Brome-Grats. Anglis. In hedges and on walls and dry banks. ©. VI.
gigantes 4 BROMUS panicula nutante, fpiculis quadrifloris ariftis brevioribus. Sp, pl. 114. (Vaill, Botan,
Paris. t. 18 ff. 3.) Talk
eiatior t.
feiua 2.
pubescens 3.
TRIANDRIA DIGYNIA, 104 Tall Brome-Grafs. Angiis.
In fhady woods, as at Armaddy, in Nether-Lorn, &c. 4. VIII:
AVENA. Gen. Pi. 91. Cal, bivalvis, multiflorus ; arifta dorfali contorta. AVENA paniculata, calycibus bifloris flofculo hermaphrodito fubmutico, mafculo ariftato. Sp. pl. 117. (Qed. Dan. 165. Moris. Hift. f. 8. t. 7. f. 37 38. Baub. Prod. p. 3. fig. ad dext.) Tall Oat-Grafs. Anglis.
. Swines Ar-Nuts, or Earth-Nuts. Scofis.
In hedges and paftures frequent. 4%. VII. It varies with fibrous roots, or with feveral tuber- cles laid upon one another.
A. paniculata calycibus trifloris, flofculis omnibus bafi pilofis; ariftis totis levibus, Sp. p/. 118. (Moris. Hift. f. 8. t. 7. f. 5. Barrel. ic. 75. n. 2.)
Bearded Oat-Grafs. Anglis.
In corn fields. Szbda/d. ©. VII.
The beard of this is well known to make a very fenfible hygrometer. The feeds have a hairy kind. |
A. fubfpicata, calycibus fubtrifloris bafi_pilofis, foliis planis pubefcentibus. Sy/t. Nat. 99. (Raj. Syn. 406. t. 24. f. 2.) - |
Soft Oat-Grafs. Anglis. |
On dry mountainous paftures. 4. VI. VII.
_ pratenfis 44 AVENA fubfpicata, calycibus 5-floris. Sp. p/. 119.
Raj.
106,
flavefcens 5
phragmites I.
calamagro- 115 2.
TRIANDRIA DIGYNIA, (Raj. Syn. 406. t. 21. f. 1. bona. Moris. Hift. f. 8. Bet Fam Pak FO %8. fT.) ™ Meadow Oat-Grals. Aagilis. On dry mountainous paftures about Blair, &c. U Vil.
Ihe leaves are fmooth, narrow, ftiff, their edges
frequently turning inwards: the fpicule grow parallel to the flalk, and clofe to it, generally but one on a peduncle.
A. panicula laxa, calycibus trifloris brevibus, flof- culis omnibus ariftatis. Sp. p/.118. (Moris. Hit. f. 8.4.7. f. 42. Schreb. Gram. 72. t. 9)
Yellow Oat-Grafs. Anglis.
In dry meadows and paftures. Dr. Parfons. y. VII.
The panicle is compoted of numerous fpiculz, much {maller than in any of the other fpecies, and of a yellownfh color.
ARUNDO. Gen. Pl. 93. Cal. bivalvis. Flofculs congetti, lana cincti.
ARUNDO calycibus quinquefioris, panicula laxa.
Sp. pl. 120. (Moris. Hift. f. 8. t 8. fr.1- Ger.
Em. 36. f. 1) Common Reed-Grafs. Anglis. | . On the fides of lochs and in ditches frequent. U,
VI. |
ARUNDO calycibus unifloris, culmo ramofo. Sp. pl. 121. (Oed. Dan. t. 280. Moris. Hift. f. 8. t.
8. f. 2. Scheuch. Gram. 122. ¢t. 5. bene ) : Branched
ATCNATIA 3.
perenne I.
“gemulentum ig.
TRIANDRIA DIGYNIA.: 107 Branched Reed-Grafs, Angi. In fhady moift places, but not common. 4. VII.
A. calycibus unifloris, folis involutis mucronato- pungentibus. Sp. pi. 121. (Moris. Hift. f. 8. t. 4. ‘f 16.) 3
Sea Reed-Grats. dughs. Bent. Scotis. Muran.
Gaulis,
On the fea fhore in fandy places not unfrequent, as on the coaft of Cantire, between Machrianifh bay and Barr, and near Jberbrothick, in Angus, bee: 4. V4.
LOLIUM. Gen. Pl. 95. Cal. monophyllus, fixus, multiforus, LOLIUM {pica mutica, fpiculis comprefiis multj- floris. Sp. pl. 122. (Moris. Hift. f. 8. t. 2. f, 2. Ger. Em. 78. f. 2.) Perennial Darnel-Grafs. Anglis. By way-fides and in paftures common. %. VI.
L. fpica ariftata, {piculis diftantibus comprefiis multifloris. Sy/f. Nat. 100. (Oed. Dan. t. 160.)
Annual Darnel-Grafs. Angiis.
In corn fields, but not common. Dr. Parfons. o. Vill. | |
The feeds of this grafs will intoxicate man, birds, and beafts ; and taken in any confiderable quan- tity will bring on conyulfions and death. Haller. Helvet, 205, 206.
ELYMUS.
ros
TRIANDRIA DIGYNIA.
ELYMUS. Gen. Pi. 96. Cai. jateralis, bivalvis, ageregatus, multiflorus.
evenariust. ELYMUS {pica erecta arcta, calycibus fomentofis
CLIIAUS 2.
flofculo longioribus. Sp. pl. 122. (Fig. nulla, quam {cio, evedenda. Fig. 14. f. 8.t. 4. Moris. Hift. Ox. appropinquat, fed {pica nimis parva & brevis, nu tomentofa.)
Sea Lime-Grafs. Anglis.
On the fea coaft in fandy places, but not common. 4, VI, VIL.
The leaves are channeled, rigid and pungent: the fpike linear, downy, and about eight or nine inches Jong. The creeping roots of this grafs, and the arando arenaria, confine the fea fands from being blown about by the winds, and by that means prevent often very deftructive inun- dations.
ELYMUS fpica nutante aétta fpiculis rectis invo- Jucro deftitutis, infimis geminis. Sp. pl. 124, Triticum caninum. Hudf. Fl. Any. 45. (Moris. FRG {G2 ¥. 82 'f, 2.)
Dog’s Lyme-Grafs. Anglis.
In dry fhady upland woods. Dr. Par/fons.
Inthe den of Bethaick, near Perth, &c.
HORDEUM. Gea. Pl. 98. Cal. lateralis, bivalvis, uniflorus, ternus.
murinum t HORDEUM flofculis lateralibus mafculis ariftatis,
involucris intermediis ciliatis. Sp.pl. 126. (Scheuch. Gram.
JAnNceum 1.
repens 2.
maritimum
3°
TRIANDRIA DIGYNIA. 109
Gram.p. 14. bene. Moris. Hift. f. 8. t. 6. f. 4. in imo dextram. & gus. var. B. Vaill. Paris. t.17. f, "6. bene.)
Wall Barley. Anglis.
On walls and by way-fides. ©. VI-VIII.
TRITICUM.. Gen. Pl. 99.
Cal. bivalvis, folitarius, fubtriflorus. Flos obtufiul-
culus, acutus.
TRITICUM calycibus quinquefloris truncatis, foliis involutis. Sp. pl. 128. (Pluk. cer br. 33. fe 4. a.)
Sea Wheat-Grafs. Anglis.
On the fea coafts in fandy places frequent, as in the ifle of Bute, on the Weftern coaft of Cantire, and in the iflands of Oranfay, and Icolumb-kill abundantly. 2%. VII.
T. calycibus quadrifloris fubulatis acuminatis, fo- liis planif. Sy/f. Nat. p. 102. Sp. pl. 128. (Moris. Hift. On. f. 8. t. 1. f. 8. in imo.)
Dog’s-Grafs, or Couch-Grafs. Axglis.
In hedges and corn-fields. 4. VII.
The roots of this grafs are efteem’d to be diuretic and refolvent ; wad have been recommended by the great Boerbave in fcirhofities of the liver.
TRITICUM calycibus fexfloris, flofculis fecundis apice ariftatis. Liz. Manti/s: p. 325. Sp. pl. 128. Poa loliacea. Hudf. Fl. Ang. 35. (Pluk. phyt. t. 92. f.7. Moris. {.8. t. 2. f. 6. ordine 2. do.)
Sea Wheat-Grafs. Angiis.
On
410 TRIANDRIA DIGYNIA.
On the fandy fea fhore upon the Weftern coaft of Cantire. ©. VI. . | .
The ftalks are about four or five inches high, firm and ftiff: the fpicula grow feffile and alternate, and in all the fpecimens I have ever feen, without beards, exactly agreeable to Plukenet’s figure. I ftrongly fufpect it to be only a variety of the Poa rigida Lin. Sp. pl. 101. Moris. Hift. f. 8.t. 2. f. 9. & Vail. Paris. t. 18. f. 4. occafioned by the fea water.
TRIGYNIA.
MONTIA. Gen. Pi. 101. Cal. diphyllus. Cor. 1. petala, irregularis. Caps. 1. locularis, 3-valvis. fontanat. MONTIA. Sp. pl. 119. (Oed. Dan. t. 131. Mich. Gen. 18. t. 13. f. 2. Pluk. phyt. t. 76 ff. 5. Vaile Paris. t. 3. f. 4. opt. Pet. herb. t. 10. f. 12s) Blinking Chickweed. Angiis. By the fides of {prings and rivulets frequent. ©. V.
CLASSIS
TETRANDRIA. Iie
ee a eS Pe TY, TETRAN DRIA MONOGYNIA,
* Flores monapetali, monafpermi, fuperi aggregati. DIPSACUS. Cal. communis foliaceus. Receps. conicum, paleaceum. Sem. columnaria.
SCABIOSA. Cal. communis. Recept. elevatum fubpaleaceum. Sem. coronata, involuta.
hale Ce monopetali, monocarpi, inferi. CENTUNCULUS. Cor. rotata. Cal. 4. partitus. Caps. 1. locularis, circumfciffa.
PLANTAGO. Cor. refracta. Cal. 4. partitus. Caps.
2. locularis, circumf{ciffa. * Gentiana campeftris.
Fl. monopetali, monocarpi, fupert.
SANGUISORBA. Cor. plana. Cal. 2. phylius. Caps. 4-gona, inter calycem & corollam.
Fl. monopetali, dicocei, fupert. Stellate.
GALIUM. Cor. plana. Fruéus fubgloboli. ASPERULA. Cor. tubulofa. Fruéfus fubglobofi. SHERARDIA. Cor. tubulofa. Fructus corona-
tus. Sem. 3-dentatis.
ry,
112
TETRANDRIA.
Fl. tetrapetali, fuperi. CORNUS. Ca/. 4-dentatus, deciduus, Drupa nv- cleo 2-loculari. Fl. incompleti, inferi. ALCHEMILLA: Cai. 8-fidus. Sem. 1. calyce in- clufum.
Ome A CA ae ep aie: APHANES. Cor. nulla. Cal, 8-fidus. Sem. 2, * Gentiana campeftris. TETRAGYNIA.
ILEX. Cor. t-petala. Cal. 4:dentatus. Bacea 4+ fperma, |
SAGINA. Cor. 4-petala. Cal. 4-phyllus. Caps.
4-locularis polyfpertna.
POTAMOGETON. Cor. 0. Cal. 4-phyllus. Sem. 4, feffilia.
RUPPIA. Cor. 0. Cal. 0. Sem. 4, pedicellata,
* Linum catharticum.
CLASSIS
TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA, it
oS Smee rg eps IV,
fe be ke eth ioe LA MONOGYNIA.
| DIPSACUS. Gen. Pl. 114. | Cal. communis polyphyllus;. proprius {uperus: Ré- a: cept., paleaceum: bey fullonum 1. DIPSACUS foliis feffilibus ferratis, paleis fructus ereétis. Lin. Mantifs. 328. Sp. pl. 140. Dipfacus Sylveftris. Hudf. Fl. Ang. (Ger. Em, 1167. f. 2. Moris. Hift. f. 7. t. 36. f. 3.) Wild Teafel. Anglis. In rude uncultivated places, as at Lord Elgin’s lime-works near Dunfermling, &c. ¢. VII. VIII:
pilofus 2. D: foliis petiolatis appendiculatis. Sp. pé: 141. (Ger. Em. 1168: f. 3. malé, quia fhe appends- cults.) |
Small Wild Teafel, or Shepherd’s-Rod. Augiis. In moift hedges and ditches, but not common. The heads of flowers in this fpecies are fpherical and white, in the preceding; oval, and the flowers
purple. ¢. VIII.
SCABIOSA. Gen: Pl. 115. , Cal. communis polyphyllus; proprius duplex fupe- rus. Recept. paleaceum feu nudum. | * Corollulis quadrifidis. iid { SCABIOSA.
114 TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA. fuccifat. SCABIOSA corollulis quadrifidis zequalibus, caule firmplici, ramis approximatis, fohiis lanceolato- Ovatis integerrimis, Sp. pl. 142. (Oed. Dan. t. 279. opt. Morift. Hift. f. 6. f..13. fe 7. Ger. Em. 726: fed. fol. ferratis.) Devil’s-Bit. nglis. In meadows and paftures. 4. VIII.
arvenfis 2. SCABIOSA corollulis quadrifidis radiantibus, caule hifpido, foliis pinnatifidis, lobis diftantibus. Sp. pl. 143. (Oed. Dan. t. 447. opt. Moris. Hift. f. 6.
ty DOR e, hen, Bae. eto. 7. h-) Corn-Scabious. Angis. Gille-guirmein. Gaulis.
In corn-fields frequent. 4. VIII. ** Corollulis 5-fidis. tolumbaria Ss CorOunes quinquefidis radiantibus, foliis ratica- 2. libus ovatis crenatis, caulinis pinnatis fetaceis.
Sp. pl. 143. (Oecd. Dan. t. 314. apt. Ger. Em. 719.
fan Little Field Scabious. Anglis. Upon dry mountainous paftures, but rare. Sibbald.
SHERARDIA. Gen. Pl. 120. Cor. monopetala, infundibuliformis. Sem. 2, triden- tata.
_ SHERARDIA folis omnibus sealaddigaal floribus terminalibus. Sp. p/. 149. (Oed. Dan. t. 4.39. i Barrel.ic. 541. . 1.)
Little Field-Madder: Anglts. In corn fields of fandy or gravelly foil not unfre- quent. ©. VI-VIII. The flowers are purple.
arvenfis 1
ASPERULA. |
odorata 1.
paluftre i.
uliginofum y) «
VEYUM 3.
TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA. rg
ASPERULA. Gen. Pl. t21.
Cor. fponopetala, infundibuliformis. Sem. 2, glo-
bofa.
ASPERULA foliis o¢tonis lancedlatis, florurn faf-
ciculis pedunculatis. Sp. pl. 150. (Miller. t. 55. Pe Gert BaP ALORS, BO Aer TS Been fi 904.22. [ub eodem nomine?)
Woodruff. Angiis.
In woods and fhady places. ap. ¥.
GALIUM. Gen. wii, 125, Cor. monopetala, plana. Sem. 2, fubrotunda. * Fruciu glabro.
GALIUM. foliis quaternis obovatis ineecialioun,
caulibus diffufis, Sp. pl. 153. (Oed. Dan. t. 423;
\ opk.. Pebiberdat.-305° fag)
White Ladies Bedftraw. Angiis:
On the fides of lochs and rivulets. Dr. Parfons.
u. VIL.
G. foliis fenis lanceolatis retrorfum ferrato-aculeatis mucronatis, cordllis fructu majoribus. Sp. pi. 153. (Pet. berb. 3. 30, f. 6.)
Marth Bedftraw. Auglis.
By river-fides and in moift meadows. #. V I,
Galium méntanum Hudf. Fi. Ang. 56, feems to be only a variety of this, growing in dry and moun- tainous paftures.
G. foliis o¢tonis linearibus fulcatis, ramis floriferis J 2 brevibus
4165
mollugo 4.
oveale 5.
TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA. brevibus.. Sp. pl. 155. (Miller. ic. 139. f. 1. Ger. Em. 1126.f. 1. Moris. bift. f. 9. t. 21. f. 1. feconde ordine ad finiftram.)
Yellow Ladies Bedftraw. Augls. Ri. Gaulis.
On dry banks and fandy fea fhores abundantly. ¥. VIII.
In Arrez, and fome of the Weltetn iflands, the in- habitants make a ftrong decoction of this herb, and ufe it as a runnet to curdle milk: and in Fura, Uift, and Lewis, &c. I was inform’d they ufed the roots to dye a very fine red, not inferior to that from madder itfelf, but the roots are finall.
GALIUM foliis o€tonis ovato-linearibus fubferra- tis patentiffimis mucronatis, caule flaccido, ra- mis patentibus. Sp. pl. 155. (Oed Dan. t. 455. opt. Ger. Em. 1127. f. 4. Morts. bift. f. 9, t. 22. f. 1. ordine primo.).
Great Baftard Madder. Anglis. In hedges, and on fhaded rocks by the fides of ri-
vers, but not common. In Cartland rocks near Lanerk, &c. U. VII. | ** Fruéiu trifpido.
G. foliis quaternis lanceolatis trinerviis glabris, caule erefto, feminibus trifpidis. Sp. pl. 156. (Moris, Dit. J..9. 8, 22. f. Jo k toe berb. t. 30. ff. 7. fed ambe fig. male.)
Croffwort, or Northern-Madder. Anglis.
Upon rocks by the fides of rivers and lakes not
unfrequent. 4. VII. ¢ The
apavine 6.
major I
, media 2.
TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA. 117
The roots of this and the preceding have the qua- lity of dying red as well as the galium verum, but are not to be found in fofficient quanucy for ufe.
G. foliis o€tonis lanceolatis carinatis fcabris retror-
fum aculeatis, geniculis villofis, fruétu hifpido. Sp. pl. 157. (Oed. Dan. t. 495. opt, Ger. Em. . 1122. f. 1. Moris. bift. f..9.é. 22. fi 1. ordinis fecundi ad finifiram.)
Cleavers or Goofe-grafs. Anglis.
In hedges and cultivated ground frequent. ©. VI. VIL.
_ Linnzus tells us that the Swedes filtrate their milk
through a quantity of the ftaiks of this herb : an obfervation that may poffibly be of ufe to fuch who are deftitute oF proper ftrainers for that
purpofe.
PLANTAGO. Gen. Pl. 142.
Cal. 4-fidus. Cor. 4-fida; limbo reflexo. Stamina longiffima. Caps. bilocularis, “circumfciffa. PLANTAGO foliis ovatis glabrisy {capo tereti, fpica flofculis imbricatis. Sp. pl. 163. (Oed. Dan.
t. 461. opt. Ger. Em. 419. f..1-) Great Plantain. Anglis. Cuach-Phadruic. Beuic. In paftures and by way-fides. #.'VI. VIL
P. foliis ovato-lanceolatis pubefcentibus, fpica cy-
linelerems feapo tereti. Sp. pl. 163. (Ger. Em. 419. fz. Moris. bit. f. 8. t.15.f. 6.)
I 3 Hoary
\
yo
Ystsl tsp
TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA. » Hoary Plantain. Anglis,
In paftures of a gravelly foil, but not common. » Sibbald, u. VI. VIL.
locate P, foliis lanceolatis, fpica fubovata nuda, {capo an-
“10135
’ _ {¢ Reva gat
-gulatowsSp. pl. 164. (Oed. Dan. t. 437. Ger. Em.
wr2ifilt.) 6
Ribwort!Plantain. Anglis. Slin-lus. G pr
' Jn meadows and’ paftures common,’ 2!. VII,
There is a awarfifh'variety of this, with a globular ipike, growing fometimes in barren and rocky places, which ‘feems to be the Plantago montana Hudf. F! Jngl. 5
maritima 4 P, ra phn il ay intecerrimis, bafi lanatis;
{capo tereti. Sp. pl. 165. (Ged. Dan. t. 243. opt.)
Sea, Plantain, Anglis...-
It grows not only by the fea fhores, but even to the fummits of the higheft mountains in the Heblandss the antherz are conftantly yellow. yy. VII.
crap 5 PLANTAGO foliis ttheasthith dentatis, fcapo te-
ret Sp, pl. 166. (Oed. Dan. t. 272. opt. Ger.
Emac. 427.f..1. Morift. hift. f. 8. t. 17. fi 31.) Buckthorn Plantain. Angiis.
In gravelly foils not unfrequent,, and often upon
il the fearcoawt. ©, Vil.
» CENTUNCULUS. Gen. Pl14s.
Cal. 4~-fidus. Cor. 4-fida, patens. Stam. brevia. Caps. 1-locularis, circumfciffa.
MiNIMIUS —
MINIMUS Ne
offictnalis %.
TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA. 119
CENTUNCULUS. Sp. pil. 169. (Oed. Dan. t.
177. opt. Vail. Paris. t. 4. fi 2)
Baftard Pimpernel. Anglis.
In gravelly places that are a litttle moift, but not common. Dr. Parfons. ©. VIL.
SANGUISORBA. Gen. Pi. 146. Cal. 2-phyllus. Germen inter calycem coroNamque. SANGUISORBA fpicis ovatis, Sp. pl. 169. (Qed. Dan. f. 97. opt. Moris. bift. f. 8. t. 18. f. 7. Ger.
Eim.1045. fi 2.) Great Wild Burnet. Angis.
In low moift meadows near Dumfries, &c. but not common, %#. VI. VII.
CORNUS. Gen. Pi. 140.
~ Involucrum 4-phyllum fepius. Petala fupera qua-
fuccica 1.
tuor. Drupa nucleo biloculari.
_CORNUS herbacea ramis binis, Sp. pl. 171. (Oecd.
Dan. t. 5. opt. Flor. Lap. t. 5. f. 3. fig. noft.
“Dwarf Honeyfuckle. Angiis.
- Twus-a-chraois. Gaulis. t.-e. Plant-of-Gluttony.
fn moorifh places by rivulets on thé fides of the highland mountains not, unfrequent, in Athol, about Lech-Raunoch, on Ben-mor and Chealleach in Breadalbane, and in Rofs-fhire on the moun- tains about Loch-Broom, &c. U. VI. VII
~ This elegant plant is about fix inches high: the
leaves grow oppofite to each other, oval, {mooth, feffile, and ribb’d with five nerves: the involu- crum of the flower confifts of four white leaves
relemblinge
12@
vulgaris 1,
alpina 2,
TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA.
refembling the petals of a corolla, in the cen- tre of which grow twenty or more {mall blackifh tetrapetalous flowers, fupported by fhort pedun- cles: thefe are fucceeded by a clufter of red berries when ripe; in each of which is a heart- fhap’d kernel, having two cells. The berries have a {weet waterifh tafte, and are fuppofed by
- the highlanders to create a great appetite, whence the Erfe name of the plant. Mr. Stuart.
ALCHEMILLA, Gen. P]. 165. Cal. 8-fidus. Cor. ©. Semen unicum. - ALCHEMILLA foliislobatis. Sp. pl. 178, (Moris, hift. f. 2. t. 20, f. 1. in imo. Miller. icon. p. 18, & Var. minor. foltis pubefcentibus. Pluk. t. 240. f. 2) Ladies Mantle. Angls. Copan-an-driuc, Cota- preafach-nion-an Ri. Gaufis. In dry paftures and on the fides of mountains abundantly. #. V-VIIT.
ALCHEMILLA foliis digitatis ferratis. Sp. pl. 179. (O¢d. Dan. t. 49. opt. Pet. herb. t. 9. f. 11. Moris. bift. f. 2. t. 20.f. 3. fed male quippe folig non apice errata.)
Cinguefoil Ladies-Mantle. duglis,
Upon all the mountains in the highlands abun- dently, even on their very fummits: one of the moft aerial plants of N. Britain. The leaves
_ are generally divided into feven lobes, ferrated at the extremities, and of a beautiful white fattin _golor underneath.
DIGYNIA,
TETRANDRIA DIGYNIA. $21
Dh sa GoasY 2ON) «boi.
APHANES. - Gen. (Pi *166. Cal. 8-fidus. Cor. 0. Sem. 2, nuda, APHANES. Sp. pl. 179. (Morts. bift. f. 2. t. 20. f. 4. inimo. Pet. herb. t. 9. f. 12. Col. Ecpbras. t. 146, bené. Ger. Em. p. 1594. f. 3.) Parfley-Piert. Anglis. In corn fields and gravelly foils frequent. ©. V.
dhe Ban By oy Gru ie Se.
ILEX. Gen? PI. 172. Cal. 4-dentatus. Cor. rotata. Stylus. o. Bacca 4- {perma. ILEX foliis ovatis acutis fpinofis. Sy. pl. 181. (Oed. Dan. 508. Miller. icon. 46. bené. Ger. Em. 1338), Holly-Tree. Anglis. An cuil-fhionn. Gauks. In woods and hedges. 2.
POTOMOGETON. Gen. Pl. 174.
, Cal. o. Petala 4. Stylus o. Sem. 4. POTOMOGETON folis oblongo-ovatis petio-
latis natantibus. Sp. pl. 182. (Ger. Em. 821. f. 1),
“Broad-leav’d Pondweed. Anglis. Sie
In lakes and ftill waters frequent. 4. VII.
P. foliis cordatis amplexicaulibus. Sp. pl. 182. (Oed. Dan. t. 126. opt. Ger. Em. 822. f. 3.) Perfoliated Pondweed. Azglis. In rivers and lakes. %, VII. The
E22
denfum 3.
hicens 4.
erifpum 5.
TETRANDRIA TETRAGYNIA. The leaves are of a thin delicate texture, a fine green color, and tranfparent like a piece of oil’d paper.
POTOMOGETON foliis ovatis acuminatis oppo-
fitis confertis, caulibus dichotomis, fpica qua- driflora. Sp. pl. 182. (Ger. Em. 823, f. 3)
Tefler Water Caltrops, or Frog’s-Lettuce. uglis.
in ditches and rivulets: in the ditch on the night hand of the walk going down the meadows near Edinburgh. Dr. Parfons y. VI.
The leaves at the tops of the branches are crouded clofe together, and not ferrated on the edges: the footftalks of the flowers rife out at the di-
vifion of the ftalks, and are very fhort and re- flex’d.
P. foliis lanceolatis planis in petiolos definentibus. Sp. pl. 183. (Oced. Dan. 195.,0pt. Pet. herd. t. 6. f. 5+)
Long-leav’d Pondweed.. Anglis.
In rivers and lakes frequent, as in Dudifton- Loch,
near Edinburgh, &c. Dr. Parfens. y. VI.
P. feliis lanceolatis alternis undulatis ferratis. Sp,
pl. 183. (Ger. Em. 824. f. 2. Pet. berd. t. 5. f.93 Curied Pondweed, or Greater Water Caltrops. Angiis. In ditches and ponds frequent. 4. VI.
The ftalk of this kind is creatly comprefs’d, and
varies with alternate and oppofite leaves, fo that the
comprefum
~ Pee
gramineum 7]
Wis if
TETRANDRIA TETRAGYNIA. 122 oithe:P. ferratum. Lin. Sp. pl. is “2s only a ovatiety of this fpecies.
P. foliis ligcaahus obiulis, ote compreffo. Sp. pl. 183.. (O¢d. Dan..t. 203. opt. Pet. herd. fF. 20)
“Flat-ftalked Pondweed. Angiis. ~ In ditches and ftag nant ‘waters, but not common.
ww; VET yo. The leaves are four or ive times Jonger than the
otipyle. The oie produces alsout fix {mall flowers. »
POT OMOGET ON Slixe lineari-lanceolatis alter-
nis feflilibus ftipula latioribus. Sp. pl. 184. (Oed. Daonst. 222. opt. Raj. fyn. p. 150« t. 4. f. 3. fed non bené quoniam fine Stipulis, quadrat melius ad
f, compreffuin in multi. eek Pruff p. 206. No. 66.)
».»Grafs-leav’d Pondweed. . Auglis.
In ditches and ponds not very common. 4%. VILL
_ The ftalks of this are round and flender, the leaves
7?
: 4. 1 Op
pecttinatum
feffile and pointed, and, about\ twice the length of the ftipula, which are much larger in this than the preceding::the fpike has fifteen or twenty flowers.
Blwhis fetaceis patallelis approximatis diftichis. Sp. pl. 183. (Gers Linn. 828. fr 4. pet. herd. t. 5, ie 13.) ‘
Fennel-leav’d Pondweed. Angirs.
- Jn rivers and lakess\oDr. Parjfons. U.VU.
a i
-
pufilum
124 TETRANDRIA TETRAGYNIA.
pufillum g. P. foliis linearibus oppofitis alrernifq, diftinétis. bafi patentibus, caule tereti, Sp. pl. 184. (Lees.
Pruff. 206. t. 67. Pet. berd. t. 6. f. 11.) Small Grafs-leav’d Pondweed. Anglis. In ditches and ftagnant waters. #. VIII.
ssavinumsro FP. foliis linearibus alternis diftinétis, inferné Vagi- nantibus. Sp. pi. 184. (Qed. Dan. t. 186. opt. Vail, Paris. t. 32. f. 5?) Sea Pondweed. Anghs. In ditches and ftagnant waters by the fea-fide not uncommon. #. VIII.
The {tipulz in th:s fpecies are a little bifid at top,
and the leaves rife from the ends’ of them: in the other kinds the ftipula are diftinét from the
jeaves.
RUPPIA. Gen. pl. 175- Cail. o. Cor.o. Sem. 4-pedicellata. maritima1. RUPPIA., Sp. pl. 184. (Oeds Dan, t. 364. opt. Mi- chel. Gen. 72. t. 35. Pluk: phyt. 248. f. 4. Pet. herb. t. 6. f.1-) Sea Ruppia. Anglis.
In fagnant waters by the fea fide not uncommon, as at Glen-Elg, in Invernefs/bire, &c. %. VIII. It has che habit of potomogeton, but may readily e diftinguifhed by it’s little umbel of oval feeds.
ftanding fingly on footftalks.
SAGINA. Gen, pl. 176. Cal. 4-phyllus. Petale 4. Caps. t-locularis, 4-valvis,
polyiperma. procumbens
eaerlemi. Pyeos. Ca WAM MUM P 161. fioar befits del. i sia
_-
TETRANDRIA TETRAGYNIA. 125
procumbens SAGINA ramis procumbentibus. Sp. p/. 185. (Pet. I. herb. t. 59, f. 10. Sequier Veronens. 421. t. 5. f. 3. melir. Pluk. phyt. t. 74: fo'2) Pearlwort. Anglis. i In fandy and gravelly foils frequent. ©. VI. It varies, fometimes without petals, and fometimes with a fifth part added to the whole fruttifica- tion.
erella 2. §. caule erecto fubunifloro. Sy/t. Nat. p. 131. Sp. " pl. 185. (Raj. fyn. p. 348.4. 15. f. 4. Vail. Paris. t. 3. f. 2. Pet. herb. t, 59. fe 9. male.) Little Upright Stichwort. Anglis. An paftures of a gravelly foul. Dr. Parfous. ©. V.
CLASSIS
126
PENTANDRIA MON OGYNIA.
CL we. eR VL"
PENTANDRIA
MONOGYNTIA.,
* Flores monopetali, inferi, tetrafpermi Afperifoliz.
“ECHIUM. Cor. fauce nuda, irregularis | campa-
. Nnvilata.
PULMONARIA. Cor. fauce nuda, infundibuli- formis ; Gal. prifmaticus.
LITHOSPERMUM. Cor. fauce nuda, infundibu-
liformis. Cal. quinquepartitus. SYMPHYTUM. Cor, fauce dentata, ventricofa,
LYCOPSIS. Cor. fauce fornicata, infundibuliform. tubo curvato.
ASPERUGO. Cor. fauce fornicata, infundibulif. Fruéius comprefius.
CYNOGLOSSUM, Cor. fauce fornicata, infun- dibulif. Sem. depreffa, latere affixa.
ANCHUSA, Cor, fauce fornicata, infundibulif. tubo bafi prifmatico.
MYOSOTIS. Cor, fauce fornicata, hypocrateri- form. lobis emarginatis.
* Flores monopetali, inferi, angiofpermi- ANAGALLIS. Caps. 1-locularis, circumfciffa.
«Cor. rotata. Stigm. capitatum.
LYSIMACHIA.
PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. 127 LYSIMACHIA. Caps. 1-locularis, 10-valvis, Cor. ' rotata. Stigma obtufum.
PRIMULA, Caps. 1-locularis. Cor. infundibuli- formis, fauce pervia, Stigm. globofum.
MENYANTHES. Cops. 1-locularis. Cor. villofa! Stigma bifidum.
CONVOLVULUS. Caps. bilocularis, 2-fperma,
Cor, campanulata, Stigm. bifidum, HYOSCYAMUS. Caps. bilocularis, operculata! Cor, infundibulif. Stigm, capitatum.
VERBASCUM. Caps. bilocularis. Cor. rotata. Stigma obtufum. Stam declinata.
AZALEA. Caps. 5. locularis. Cor, campanulata. Stigme obtufum.
VINCA. Folliculi duo ereGti. Cor. hypocraterifor- mis. Sem. fimplicia,
SOLANUM. Bacca bilocularis. Anthere biper- forate !
ATROPA. Bacca bilocularis. Stam. diftantia, in- curyata,
* Flores monopetali, fupert. SAMOLUS. Cgpse t-locularis apice 5-valvis. Cors hypocrater, Stigma capitatum. CAMPANULA. Caps. 3-s. 5-locularis perforata, ~ Cor, campanulata Stigma trifidum. LONICERA. Bacca bilocularis fubrotunda. Cor. inequalis. St#igm. capitatum.
*% Flores
128
PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA:.
* Flores pentapetali, inferi. EVONYMUS. acca capfularis, lobata. Cal; pa-
tens. Sem. baccato-arillata:
* Flores pentapetali, fuperi.
RIBES. Bacca polyfperma. Cal. corollifer. Stylus bifidus.
HEDERA. Baca 5-fperma. Cal. plier fructum. Stigma fimplex.
* Flores incompleti, inferi.
GLAUX. Caps. 5-fperma 5-valvis. Cal. fimplex;
rudior, campanulatus. * Polygonum amphibium.
DP Gee Ne eee * Flores monopetali, infert.
GENTIANA. Caps. 1-locularis, bivalvis. Cor tubulofa, indeterminata.
* Flores incompleti. SALSOLA., Sem. 1. cochleatum, tectum. Cal. g- phyllus. CHENOPODIUM.* Sem. i. orbiculare. Cal. 5
phyllus, foliolis concavis.
BETA. Sem. 1. renitorme. Cal. 5-phyllus, ‘bafi femen fovens.
ULMUS. Baeca AL ian Sa vee Cal. HBhpthsa: emarcefcens,
* Flores
PENTANDRIA DIGYNIA. 129
* Flores pentapetali, fuperi, difpermi. Umbellate. A. Involucro univerfal partialigq ; ERYNGIUM. Flores Capitati. Receptac. palea- ceum.
HYDROCOTILE, Flor. fubumbellati, fertiles. Sem. comprefia. SANICULA. Fior. fubumbellati, abortivi. Sem.
" muricata.
HERACLEUM. Flor. radiati, abortivi. Involu- crum deciduum. Sem. membranacéa.
OENANTHE. Fier. radiati, abortivi radio. Jnvol. fimplex. Sem. coronata, feffilia. —
CAUCALIS. Flor. radiati, abortivi. Involucr. fim plex. Sem. muricata.
DAUCUS. Flores radiati, abortivi. Zvvol. pinna- tum. Sem. trifpida.
TORDYLIUM. Fur. radiati, fertiles. Zvvol. fim- plex. Sem. margine crenata.
CONIUM. Flor. flofculofi, fertiles. Pet. cordata. Sem. gibba, coftato-fulcata. Involucella dimidiata.
BUNIUM. Flor. flofcul. fertiles. Pet. cordata. Jn- volucella {etacea.
ATHAMANTA. Fior. flofcul. fertiles. Pet. cor- data. Sem. convexa, ftriata.
SIUM. Flor; flofcul. fertiles. Pet. cordata. Sem. fubovata, ftriata.
CRITHMUM. Fir. flofcul. fertiles. Pet. planiuf- cula. Invelucrum horizontale.
K LIGUSTICUM:
130
PENTANDRIA DIGYNIA. LIGUSTICUM. Flor. flofculos. fertiles. Pet. in- voluta. Jnvol. membranacea.
ANGELICA. Flor. flofculos. fertiles. Pet. plani- ufcula. Umbellule globofe.
SISON. Flor. flofcul. fertiles. Pet. planiufcula. Umbel. depauperata.
B. Involucris partialibus ; univerfali nullo. JETHUSA. Fir. fubradiati fertiles. Involucella dimidiata. SCANDIX. Flor. radiati abortivi. Frudus oblongi. CHAROPHYLLUM. For. flofcul. abortivi. [u-
vol. 5-phylla. PHELLANDRIUM. Flor. flofcul. fertiles. Fructus
coronati.
IMPERATORIA. Flor. flofculofi fertiles. Umbel,
expanfo plana.
CICUTA. Flor. flofculofi, fertiles. Pet. planiuf- cula.
C. Involucro nullo; nec univerfali, nec partialibus.
SMYRNIUM. Flor. fofculi abortivi. Sem. reni- formia angulata.
CARUM. Flor. flofcul. abortivi. Sem. gibba, ftriata.
/EGOPODIUM. Flor. flofcul. fertiless Sem. gibba, ftriata. Pet. cordata.
APIUM. Flor. flofculos. fertiles., Se. minuta, ftriata. Pet. inflexa.
~ PIMPINELLA. Flor. flofculos. fertiles. (Umbelle
ante florescentiam nutantes) Pet. cordata.
TRIGYNIA.
+ PENTANDRIA DIGYNIA. ° ugt
Aon & Be N 1 Az, © Flores fuperi. VIBURNUM. Cor. 5-fida. Bacca 1-fperma. SAMBUCUS. Cor. 5-fida. Bacca 3-fperma.
* Flores inferi. ALSINE. Cor. 5-petala. Caps. 1-locularis. Ca/. 5-phyllus. Pet. bifida,
Tae WN eee, IN 1 A.
PARNASSIA. Cor. 5-petala. Caps. 4-valvis. Nec- far, 5, Ciliato-glandulofa.
PENTAGYNIA.
LINUM. Cor. 5-petala, Caps. 10-locularis, 2- fperma.
DROSERA. Cor. 5-petala. abs t-locularis, apice dehifcens.
SIBBALDIA. Cor. 6-petala. Sem. 5. Cal. 10- fidus.
STATICE. Cor, 5-partita. Sem. 1, calyce infun- dibuliformi veftitum.
POL YG YNi1.-A.
MYOSURUS. Cal. 5-phyllus. Near. 5, lingulata. Sem, numerofa. Ranunculus bederaceus.
a ka MONOGYNIA.
132 || PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.
MONOGYNIA. MYOSOTIS. Gen. pl. 180. a,
Cor. hypocrateriformis, 5- -fida, emarginata 5 is
ited claufa fornicibus.
Maephicdes MYOSOTIS feminibus nudis, foliof'um apicibus callofis. Sp. pl. 188. (Ger. Em 337.f. 4. Morift. hift. Ox. fou. t. 9%. fi 1. ordine fecundo. & ejus var. latioribus foliis Raj. Syn. p. 229. t. 9. f. 2. & altera varietas palu/iris foliis glabris. Ger. Em. 337. fe 3. Moris. sania t, 31. I. 4. ordine fe- cundo. )
Moufe ear Scorpion-Grafs. Ayglis.
The hairy kind is frequent in dry corn fields; and a lefler variety, with {mall yellow flowers, I ob- ferv’d upon’ walls near Drumlanrig.. The fmooth- leav’d marfh kind is common on the fides ‘of ri- vulets and lakes. 24. V-VIII.
LITHOSPERMUM. Gen. pl. 181. Cor. infundibuliformis, fauce perforata, nuda. » > Cal. 5-partitus. officinale 1. LITHOSPERMUM feminibus levibus, corollis vix calycem fuperantibus, foliis lanceolatis. Sp, pl. 189. (Morift. bift. f. 11. t. 31. fi 1. ordine primo. Ger. Em. 609.. fy 2.) : Gromill, Gromwell, or Graymill. Anglis.
Jn wafte uncultivated places, as near the monaftery of Beaulieu, at Invernefs, and under the Weft — fide of Salifbury-Craigs, and at Roflin. Dr. Par- fons. 4. VI.
| grvenfe
arvenfe 2,
fempervi-
Tens I.
officinale 1.
PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. 133 L. feminibus rugofis, corolla vix calycem fuperan- tibus. Sp. pl. 190. (Oed. Dan. t. 456. opt. Ger. Bim. 610. f. 4.) Baftard Alkanet. Anglis. In corn fields not uncommon. Dr. Parfons. ©. VI. Linneus informs us that the country girls in Sweden paint their faces with the roots.
ANCHUSA. Gen. Pi. 182.
. Cor. infundibuliformis, fauce claufa fornicibus.
Sem. bafi infculpta. ANCHUSA pedunculis diphyllis capitatis. Sp. pi. 192. "(Moris bite On. {. tink 26. f. 2.) Evergreen Alkanet. Angiis. In the Glen at Dungija/s. Dr. Parfons. 4.V. VI.
CY NOGLOSSUM. Gen. pi. 183.
Cor. infundibuliformis, fauce claufa fornicibus. Se- mina deprefia, interiore tantum latere Stylo affixa. CYNOGLOSSUM ftaminibus corolla brevioribus, foliis lato-lanceolatis tomentofis feffilibus. Sp. p/. 192. (Ger, Em. 804. f. 1. Moris. biff. f. 11. t. 30.
f. 1.)
Flound’s-Tongue. Angiis.
In wafte places ncar towns and villages, as eee Burntifland ana Kinghorn, and at the foot of the hill of Kiynoul, near Perth, &c. $. VI. VII.
No quadruped except the goat will eat it.
PULMONARIA. Gen. pi. 184. Cor. infundibuliformis fauce pervia. Cal. prifma- tico-pentagonus. K 3 maritima
434
PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.
maritimay, PULMONARIA calycibus abbreviatis, foliis ova-
oficinale 1,
\
tis, caule ramofo procumbente. Sp. p/. 195. (Oed, Dan. t. 25. Dillen. Hof. Eltham. t, 65. f. 75. bene. Moris. bift. f. 11. t. 28. f. 12. ordine fe- cundo.) Tour Scotl. 1772. qto. tab,
Sea Buglofs. Axglis. |
Upon the fea coaft not unfrequent, growing out of {tony beaches which feem incapable of affording végetation; as on the coaft of Fife, near St, — Andrews, &c. in the ifle of Bate, upon a fandy fhore, in Arran at Loch-Ranfa, and at Lamlafh, at Icolumb-kill, and at Glen-Ely, in Invernefs- foire, 8c. wy. VIL. VIL
It is one of the moft beautiful indigenous plants of Great-Bvitaia. ts undulated glaucous leaves contrafted with red and blue flowers, are ex- tremely ornamental to the barren fhores where it grows, and readily difcover the plant to any cu- rious obferver.
| SYMPHY TUM. Gea. Prog,
Cor. limbus tubulato-ventricofus ; fauce claufa radiis fubulatis. SYMPHYTUM foliis ovato-lanceolatis decurren-
tibus. Sp. pl. 195. (Ger. Em. 806. f. 1, Moris. hifi. f. 11. t 29. f. 1. ordine fuperiore.) Comfrey. Anglis. By the fides of rivers and ditches, as on the banks of the water of Leith, oppofite St. Bernara’s. - Well, and in Coryton woods, 8c. Dr. Parfons. whe It
PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. 136
It varies with purple or yellow flowers, with thick
branched roots, and fometimes with tuberous or knobbed ones,
ASPERUGO. Gen. Pi. 189, Cal. fructus compreffus ; lamellis plano parallelis, finuatis.
procumbens ASPERUGO calycibus fructus compreflis. Sp. p/.
I,
arvenfis 1.
198. (Ger. Em. 1122. f. 2. Mori. bift. fi ut.
Ob. 7. 09.) Small Wild Buglofs, or German Madwort. Angiis.
_ In wafte places, but not common. By the church
at Dunbar. Dr. Parfons. ©. V.
The leaves are oval and alternate at the bafe, but two or four together at the top, and fo rough that they adhere to the cloaths more readily than Goofe-gra/s: the flowers are violet-color’d, and fcarcely larger than the calyx.
LYCOPSIS. Gen, Pl. igo. Corella tubo incurvato.
LYCOPSIS. foliis lanceolatis hifpidis, calycibus florefcentibus erectis. Sp. pl. 199. (Oecd. Dan. t. 436. opt. Moris. bift. f. 11. t. 26. f. 8. Ger. Em, 799-f- 3.)
Small Wild Buglofs. Angus.
In corn fields common. ©. VII.
The plant is covered all over with bulbous hairs,
ECHIUM. Gen. pi. igt. Cor. irregularis, fauce nuda. | vulgare
136
vulgare ¥.
Vertis Le
PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.
ECHIUM caule tuberculato-hifpido, foliis caulinis lanceolatis hifpidis, floribus fpicatis lateralibus. Sp. pl. 200. (Oed. Dan. t. 445. opt. Ger. Em. 802. f. 2.)
Vipers-Buglofs. Anglis.
In corn-fields and by-way-fides not unfrequent, as about Kirkcaldy and K Gasvant, and at Charles- Town, Lord Elgin’s \ime-works, and under /r- thur’s-Seat, &c. 3. Vil. VUIL.
About Mellro/s- Abbey, and fome other places, I obferv’d what [ apprehend to be only a variety of this; it differs chiefly in having the branches more divaricated, and the ftamina nearly twice as long as the flower. Perhaps this is the Echium anglicum Hudf. Fl. Ang. p. 70.
PRIMULA. Gen. Pl. 191. Involucrum umbellule. Corolle tubus cylindricus, ore patulo. PRIMULA folts dentatis rugofis. Sp. pl. 204. 1. var. a. officinalis. (Oed. Dan. t. 433. Ger. Em. 80. F-49
2. var. 8. elatior. (Oed. Dan. t, 434. Ger. Em. 780. fir)
3. var. y. acaulis. (Oed. Dan. t. 194. Ger. Em. 781. f. 5.)
4. Cowflips. 8. Oxlips. y. Primrofe. nglis. So-
crach. Gaulis. In meadows, paftures aa woods frequent. 4. V. The fegments of the flowers within, near the bafe, are mark’d with red or faffron-color’d fpots,
which
farinofa 2
trifoliata if
PENTANDRIA MONCGYNIA. 137
which our poet Shake/peare prettily fuppofes to be the gifts of the fairy-queens, and to be the fource of their iweet odors. He thus introduces a fairy fpeakine : _ And I ferve the fairy-queen,
To dew her orbs upon the e¢reen ;
The cowflips tall her penfioners be,
Jn their gold coats {pots you fee;
Thofe be rubies, Fairy favours,
In thofe freckles live their favours:
I mutt go feek fome dew-drops here and there,
And hang a pearl in every cowilip’s ear.
Midfummer Night's Dream, AG 2, Se. 1.
PRIMULA foliis crenatis glabris, forum limbo plano. Sp. pl. 205. (Oed. Dan. t. 125. opt. Ger. Em. 733. f- 1.2. Mortis, bift. f. §. t. 24. f. 7+)
Bird’s-Eye. Anglis.
In wet mountainous paftures, but not very com- mon. 4. VI.
The leaves and calyces are cover’d with a mealinefs like our garden auricula: the flowers are of a bright red. It is a very elegant little plant, and worthy of a place in the flower garden.
MENYANTHES. Gen. Pl. 202. Corolla hirfuta. Stigma bifidum. Caps. 1-locularis. MENYANTHES foliis ternatis. Sp. p/. 208. (Mo- ris. bift. f. 15. t. 2. f. prima ad finiftram ordine fecundo. Ger. Em. 1194. ab/q 3 floribus.) Marth Trefoil or Bog-bean, Angilis. In
132 PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. In marfhes and lakes frequent. 4. V. VI. _
An tri-bhileach, lur-nan-tri-beann. Gaulis.
The flowers of this plant are fo extremely beauti- ful, that nothing but its native foil could exclude it from a place in every garden. They grow in an elegant fpike; are white, dafh’d with pinks and fr bate internally with hairs.
LYSIMACHIA. Gen. Pl. 206. Cor. rotata. Cops. globofa, mucronata, 10-valvis. ¥ * Pedunculis multifioris. vulgaris t. LYSIMACHIA paniculata, racemis terminalibus. Sp. pl. 209. (Ger. Em. 474. f. 1.) Yellow Willow-herb, or Loofeftrife. Anglis. On the fides of rivers and lakes, but not very com-" mon. Jobferv’d ic by the fides of lochs in the ifland of Mull, &c. U. VI.
** Pedunculis unifioris.
aemorum 2. L.. foliis ovatis acutis, floribus folitartis, caule pro- | cumbente. Sp. pl. 211. (Oed.: Dan. t. 174. opt. Moris. bift. f. 6. t. 26. f. 8. ordine fecundo. Ger. Em. 618. f. 4.) | Yellow Pimpernel] of the Woods. Anglis. In woods and fhady places frequent. u. VI.
nummularia LL. foliis fubcordatis, floribus folitaris, caule re- 3: pente. Sp. pl. 211. (Oed. Den. t. 493. opt. Maris. hift. f. 8. t. 26. f. 1. ordine primo. Ger. Em. 630. fds) Moneywort. Anglis. In
arvenfis ¥.
PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. 139 In low wet meadows by the fides of ditches, but nat common. 4. VI.
ANAGALLIS. Gen. Pi. 206.
Cor. rotata. Caps. circum{ciffa. ANAGALLIS foliis indivifis, caule procumbente. | Sp. pl. 211. (Oed. Dan. 88. opt. Moris. bift. f. 5. kway. 1 2. occas anes Ger. Em. 617. fF,
WAC)
_. Common Pimpernel. Anglis.
tenella 2.
procumbens i,
In corn-fields common. ©. V-VIII.
It varies with {carlet and blue flowers, which open at eight o’clock in the morning, and clofe about _
~ noon. Small birds are very fond of the feeds of this plant.
ANAGALLIS foliis ovatis acutiufculis, caule re- pente. vid. Lin. Mantiff. p. 335. Lyfimachia tenella. Sp. pl. 211. (Moris. bift. f. 5.t. 26. f. 2. ordine primo. Ger. Em. 630. f. 3.)
Creeping Pimpernel, or Purple Moneywort. Anglis.
In bogs not uncommon. %. VII. VIII.
The Mathes are hairy, and the capfule fplits ho- rizontally into two hemifpheres ; it therefore pro- perly belongs to this genus.
AAZALEA. Gen. Pl. 212. Cor, campanulata. Stam. receptaculo inferta. Caps. ‘-locularis. | AZALEA ramis diffufo- broeennbentibus. Sp. pl. 215. (Oed. Dan. t. 9. Flor. Lap. t. 6. f. 2.) Trailing Thyme leav’d Azalea. Anglis: Upon
140
AYVEnfIS 1.
fepium 2.
foldanella 2
PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.
Upon dry barren ground near the fummits of the highland mountains in many places, as on Ben- guor, in Breadalbane, Ben-Croachan, in Argyle. foire, Bex-na Scree, and other high mountains about Loch-Urn in Invernefs-foire, and fparingly- upon Ben-Lomond, &c.
The flowers are of a bright red color. h. VI.
CONVOLVULUS. Gen. Pi. 215. Cor. campanulata, plicata. Stigm. 2. Caps. bilocu- laris, loculis difpermis, * Caule volubili. CONVOLVULUS foltis fagittatis utring; acutis, pedunculis fubunifloris. Sp. pl. 218. (Oed. Dan. t. 459. opt. Mor. bif. J. 4.9. 3. f. 9. Ger. Em. SOL: f:2.) Small Bindweed. uglis. In corn-fields frequent. 2. VII.
C. foliis fagittatis poftice truncatis, pedunculis tetra- gonis unifloris. Sp. pl. 218. (Oed. Dan. 458. opt. Moris. hift. J. 1. t. 3. f. 6. Ger. Em. 861. 1.)
Great Bindweed. Anglis.
In wet hedges, but not common: obferv’d by Dr. Parfons near Dumbarton.
** Caule protrato.
CONVOLY ULUS foliis reniformibus pedunculis unifloris. Sp. pl. 226. (Moris. hift. fl 1. t. 3. ff. 2: Ger, Lie BAB. Fi. 4x)
Sea Bindweed. Scottith Scurvy-Grafs. Angiis.
On.
rotundifolia I,
latifolia 2.
PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. I41 On the fea fhores in fandy places frequent, as on the Weftern coaft of Cantire, between Machria- nifo and Bar, and in the ifland of Oran/a plenti- fully, &c. Sibbald fays it grows near the Els,
CAMPANULA. Gen. Pl. 218. Cor. campanulata fundo claufo valvis ftaminiferis. Stigma trifidum. Caps. infera, poris lateralibus dehifcens.
* Foliis levioribus anguftioribus.
CAMPANULA foliis radicalibus reniformibus, caulinis linearibus. Sp. pl. 232. (Oed. Dan. ¢. 139. Ger. Lm. 46%. f. 2, Masts. Bit, f. he t 2 704)
Round-leav’d Bell-flower. Anglis.
Curachd-na-cw’aig. Gauls.
In dry mountainous paftures frequent. 4%. VIII.
Upon the hill of Moncrief, near Perth, I obferv’d a variety about two inches high, bearing a fingle flower, and having numerous linear leaves on the ftalk.
**® Foliis feabris latioribus.
C. foliis ovato-lanceolatis, caule fimpliciffimo te- reti, floribus folitariis pedunculatis, frudtibus cernuis. Sp pl. 233. (Oed Dan. t. 85. optime. Ger. Em. 448. f. 3. Moris. bift. f.5.t. 3. f. 27.)
Giant Throatwort.- dngiis.
By the fides of rivulets at the foot of mountains, in fhady places, not unfrequent ; as at Cart/and- Rocks, near Lanerk, at Taymouth-Hermitage, and
by
142
trachelium
3.
glomerata 4
valerandi 1
PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. by the fide of the beautiful cafcades at Mone/s, near Taymouth, &c. U. VII.
The leaves are ferrated, and of an oval-lanceolate form: the calyces {mooth.
CAMPANULA caule angulato, foliis petiolatis, calycibus ciliatis, pedunculis trifidis, Sp. p/. 225.
(Ger. Em. 448. f. 1. Moris. hift. [uig. t. 3. f. 28.) Nettle-leav’d Throatwort, or Canterbury-Bells. Anglis.
In the fame kind of places as the preceding, but not common. Dr. Parfons. u. VII.
The leaves are nearly heart-fhap’d, and indented on the edges.
C. caule angulato fimplici, floribus feffilibus, capt- tulo terminali. Sp. pl. 235. (Ger. Em. 449. f. 4. Moris. bift. f. 5. t. 4. f. 43.)
Cluftered Throatwort, or {mall Canterbury-Bells, Anglis.
In dry mountainous paftures, but not very com- mon. u. VII.
SAMOLUS. Gen. Pl. 222.
Cor. hypocrateriformis. Stamina munita fquamulis corolla. Caps. 1-locularis, infera. SAMOLUS. Sp. pl. 243. (Oed. Dan. t. 198. opt.
Ger. Em. 620. f. 3.)
~Round-leav’d Water Pimpernel. Auglis.